4.4 Single Displacement Reaction

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Presentation transcript:

4.4 Single Displacement Reaction

Involves one element replacing or displacing a second element in a compound A + BC AC + B typical in metallurgical processes

Alloys Versatile and cost effective solutions to our problems. Get some of our benefits from each metal and minimize our negatives

Watch out zinc… that chlorine is mine! A metal element will only displace a metal in a compound. Na (s) + ZnCl2 (aq)  Balanced? 2 Na (s) + ZnCl2 (aq)  2 NaCl (aq) + Zn (s) Watch out zinc… that chlorine is mine! NaCl (aq) + Zn (s)

A non-metal will only displace a non-metal in a compound NaCl (aq) + F2(g)  2NaCl (aq) + F2 (g)  2NaF(aq) + Cl2 (g) My electronegativity is far superior to yours chlorine…that sodium in MINE! NaF (aq) + Cl2 (g)

Examples! CuCl2 (aq) + Al  AlCl3 (aq) + Cu (s) Br2 + CaI2 (aq)  I2 (l) + CaBr2 (aq)

Activity Series The Activity Series of the metals is an aid to predicting the products of replacement reactions. Each element on the list replaces from a compound any of the elements below it. The larger the interval between elements, the more vigorous the reaction.

Metals Halogen

Going from bottom to top, the metals: - level of reactivity increases - lose electrons more readily - form positive ions more readily - becomes stronger reducing agents

A metal 'high up' in the reactivity series: -reacts vigorously and quickly with chemicals -corrodes easily A metal 'low down' in the reactivity series: - doesn't react vigorously and quickly with chemicals - doesn’t corrode easily

Use the activity series to predict whether zinc reacts with magnesium nitrate and, if so, the products of this reaction. Represent the reaction in a balanced chemical equation. Zinc + Magnesium nitrate → NR Zn (s) + Mg(NO3)2 (aq) → NR

Cl2 (g) + 2 NaBr (aq) → 2 NaCl (aq) + Br2 (g) 2. Predict the products of the reaction (if any) between chlorine gas and a solution of sodium bromide obtained from seawater (brine). Represent the reaction in a balanced equation. Chlorine gas + aqueous sodium bromide → aqueous sodium chloride + bromine gas Cl2 (g) + 2 NaBr (aq) → 2 NaCl (aq) + Br2 (g)