Higher Human Physiology and Health Consist of 2 parts: Reproductive system Cardiovascular system Each part is looked at in relation to its structures and their functions Each part is also studied for health issues related to the system

Reproductive system 4 key areas The structure and function of reproductive organs and gametes and their role in fertilisation Hormonal control of reproduction The biology of controlling fertilisation Ante-natal and postnatal screening

The structure and function of reproductive organs and gametes and their role in fertilisation What do you know? Draw the male and female reproductive systems and label them Label where fertilisation is likely to happen What else do you know, hormones?? Now lets get some more detail!

Sperm duct

A closer look at a testicle Interstitial cells

Seminiferous tubules and interstitial cells

What happens? Gametes are made from germline cells in the testes Sperm are made in the seminiferous tubules Testosterone is made in the interstitial cells The prostate gland adds enzymes to help keep motility of sperm Seminal vesicles add liquid containing fructose The liquid produced is called semen

Oviduct / birth canal

Ovulation Corpus luteum Developing ovum in follicle

Oviduct

What happens? Ova formed from germline cells in ovaries. Ovaries have immature eggs (ova) at various stages of development. Each ovum (egg) is surrounded by a follicle. Follicle secretes oestrogen (estrogen) and protects ovum. Egg ripens and is released from ovary. Follicle becomes corpus luteum in ovary and secretes progesterone. Egg moved along oviduct by contraction and wafting. Fertilisation may take place in oviduct forming zygote. (sperm nucleus fuses with egg nucleus) Fertilised egg (blastocyst) may implant in endometrium

What do you know now? Can you label the parts of the system? What are the gametes and where are they made? What are the hormones, where are they made and what do they do? What does semen contain? And why? What are the glands? What do they make? What is a follicle? What is a corpus luteum? What is ovulation? Where does fertilisation take place?