Increased risk of solid renal tumors in lithium-treated patients Mohamad Zaidan, Fabien Stucker, Bénédicte Stengel, Viorel Vasiliu, Aurélie Hummel, Paul Landais, Jean-Jacques Boffa, Pierre Ronco, Jean-Pierre Grünfeld, Aude Servais Kidney International Volume 86, Issue 1, Pages 184-190 (July 2014) DOI: 10.1038/ki.2014.2 Copyright © 2014 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
Figure 1 Study design and renal ultrasound findings. *Renal cancer was ruled out by further imaging investigation and no histological confirmation was required. **The patient declined further investigations and was lost to follow-up. Kidney International 2014 86, 184-190DOI: (10.1038/ki.2014.2) Copyright © 2014 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
Figure 2 Pathological findings in patients with biopsy-proven renal tumors. (a) Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) (patient 4); (b) papillary RCC (patient 2); (c) hybrid tumor presenting as an association of oncocytoma and chromophobe RCC within the same lesion (patient 7); (d) clear-cell RCC with leiomyomatous stroma (patient 6); (e) oncocytoma associated with (f) papillary adenomas (patient 8); (g) mixed epithelial and stromal tumor (patient 12). Kidney International 2014 86, 184-190DOI: (10.1038/ki.2014.2) Copyright © 2014 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions