MAMMALS read chapters 2 and 4.

Characteristics Elevated metabolic rate External hair / fur covering body Lactation mammary glands produce milk to feed young Increasing locomotor efficiency limbs carried directly beneath the body Increased brain size Increased respiratory efficiency costal ventilation replaced by muscular diaphragm

Vertebrate Lungs Respiration

Breathing

Characteristics Increasing feeding efficiency Large complex jaw muscles with improved mechanics Heterodont dentition teeth vary in size, shape and function Complex (rotary) chewing Diphyodont dentition only 2 sets of teeth

Systematics Three major groups Monotremata egg laying mammals oviparous duckbilled platypus, spiny anteater primitive skull and limb girdles mammary glands young lick milk from mother’s fur

Systematics Marsupialia pouched mammals Have placenta Young born at early stage of development climb into mother’s pouch attach to a nipple to complete development Kangaroo Birth

Systematics Eutheria viviparous Placenta mammals Elaborate placenta for developing young in utero

Oh My!!

Systems Circulatory 4 chambered heart one side sends oxygen poor blood to lungs and back to heart pulmonary circuit other side send oxygen rich blood from heart to rest of body systemic circuit Blood Circulation Happy Days

Systems Excretion kidneys control composition of all body fluids have the ability to excrete excess liquid or retain it can retain salts, sugars and other compounds body cannot afford to lose