History & Culture of India

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Presentation transcript:

History & Culture of India

Ancient Civilizations Harappans - 1st civilization 2300-1700 BC (Indus River Valley civilization) 1500 BC, Aryans came from Central Asia

Aryans Bring With Them…. Aryan language, Sanskrit (the basis of Hindi, the official language of India) Caste system Hinduism

3 Civilizations of India… 320 BC 0 300 AD 1526 AD Mauryan Gupta Mughal

Early Empires- 1. Mauryan Mauryan Empire ~ 320 BC Asoka (ruler) - improved trade & brought tolerance of religion (Buddhism)

Early Empires – 2. Gupta Gupta Empire ~ 300 AD Gupta Empire made important advances in medicine & number “0”

Powerful Empires – 3. Mughal Mughal Empire –Muslim! ~1526 AD Empire grows rich from trade of tea, spices, cotton

Powerful Empires – 3. Mughal Taj Mahal – a mausoleum built during Mughal Empire One of great pieces of architecture in the world 1631 AD THIS IS NOT A CHURCH!!!!!!!!

THIS IS A TOMB!!! Taj Mahal

Indian History & Culture -Part 2

Powerful Empires - British British arrive in India -1600’s Mughal rulers allowed East India Company, a British trading company, valuable trading rights (The EIC even had a flag)

Powerful Empires - British EIC started small, by mid-1800’s controlled ½ of Indian Subcontinent

Powerful Empires - British EIC controlled India w/ army of Indian soldiers commanded by British officers 1857, people of India revolted British gov’t crushed rebellion and began ruling India directly

Colony India became a British colony British want to make money off of India’s natural resources

Independence and Division Early 1900’s -Indians wanted independence Mohandas Gandhi led nonviolent protests during 1920’s and 30’s – millions followed -marches, hunger strikes, boycotts

Gandhi’s Legacy 1948 Gandhi shot and killed Ideas influences Martin Luther King Jr. in the US

Independence and Division Great Britain makes India independent, 1947 Tensions between Muslims & Hindus (To avoid civil war the British gov’t agreed to the partition) Partition- division of India into 2 countries- Pakistan & India

Independence and division In 1947 India (Hindu) & Pakistan (Muslim) became independent (Soon after Sri Lanka and Maldives gained independence for Great Britain too) 1971, after civil war E. Pakistan broke away to form Bangladesh

Indian culture key terms Hinduism-the dominant religion of India Buddhism-religion based on teaching of Sidhartha Gautama – the Buddha Caste System- divided Indian society into groups based on a person’s birth or occupation