Lecture 4 Psyc 300A
Measures of Central Tendency Mode: The most frequently occurring score Median: The midpoint in an ordered set of scores. The 50th percentile. Mean: Sum of all scores divided by the number of scores. Which measure to use?
Measures of Dispersion Range: Highest score minus lowest score. Standard Deviation: Average amount of variability in a set of scores. Technically, the square root of variance. Variance: Average squared deviation from the mean.
Formulas to Calculate the SD
Standard Deviation _ _ X (X – X) (X – X)2 8 +2 4 7 +1 1 6 0 0 5 -1 1 _ _ X (X – X) (X – X)2 8 +2 4 7 +1 1 6 0 0 5 -1 1 4 -2 4 3 -3 9 sum 0 28 s = Sqrt (28/n-1)= 1.76
Using SPSS What is SPSS? Setting up a data file Running a frequency analysis with descriptive statistics