DOT COMPLIANCE April 5, 2011 Presented to: North Dakota RECs By: Sergeant Brian Bonness NDHP Motor Carrier Operations

Pre-Trip and Post-Trip Inspections

Regulations §396.1 Scope. General—Every motor carrier, its officers, drivers, agents, representatives, and employees directly concerned with the inspection or maintenance of motor vehicles shall comply and be conversant with the rules of this part.

VEHICLES MUST BE INSPECTED §396.3 Inspection, repair and maintenance. (a) General—Every motor carrier shall systematically inspect, repair, and maintain, or cause to be systematically inspected, repaired, and maintained, all motor vehicles subject to its control. (a)(1) Parts and accessories shall be in safe and proper operating condition at all times. These include those specified in Part 393 of this subchapter and any additional parts and accessories which may affect safety of operation, including but not limited to, frame and frame assemblies, suspension systems, axles and attaching parts, wheels and rims, and steering systems.

UNSAFE VEHICLES NOT TO BE OPERATED §396.7 Unsafe operations forbidden. (a) General—A motor vehicle shall not be operated in such a condition as to likely cause an accident or a breakdown of the vehicle. (b) Exemption—Any motor vehicle discovered to be in an unsafe condition while being operated on the highway may be continued in operation only to the nearest place where repairs can safely be effected. Such operation shall be conducted only if it is less hazardous to the public than to permit the vehicle to remain on the highway.

DRIVERS REQUIRED TO INSPECT §392.7 Equipment, inspection and use. No commercial motor vehicle shall be driven unless the driver is satisfied that the following parts and accessories are in good working order, nor shall any driver fail to use or make use of such parts and accessories when and as needed: Service brakes, including trailer brake connections. Parking (hand) brake. Steering mechanism. Lighting devices and reflectors. Tires. Horn. Windshield wiper or wipers. Rear-vision mirror or mirrors. Coupling devices.

PRE-TRIP INSPECTIONS §396.13 Driver inspection. Before driving a motor vehicle, the driver shall: (a) Be satisfied that the motor vehicle is in safe operating condition; (b) Review the last driver vehicle inspection report; and (c) Sign the report, only if defects or deficiencies were noted by the driver who prepared the report, to acknowledge that the driver has reviewed it and that there is a certification that the required repairs have been performed. The signature requirement does not apply to listed defects on a towed unit which is no longer part of the vehicle combination.

Pre Trip Inspections Pre-trip Inspection The Seven Step Inspection Process       Step 1.  Vehicle overview       Step 2.  Engine Compartment       Step 3.  Inside the cab       Step 4.  Lights       Step 5.  Walk around inspection       Step 6.  Check signal lights       Step 7.  Final brake check

Engine Compartment (Engine off) Look for Leaks Check Oil Check Coolant Check Power Steering Check Belts Power steering Water pump Alternator Air compressor Check steering linkage

Inside Cab Make sure vehicle is in Park or Neutral Start engine Check steering play Check gauges Oil pressure Temp gauge Air gauge Ammeter Check mirrors and windshields Check wipers and washer fluid

In Cab Check indicator lights on dash Horn Heater and Defrosters Check parking brake (both units) Set tractor and try to move Then release and set trailer and try to move Check seat belts

Air Brake Check (stop engine) Check air brake system Level area, wheels chocked 100 psi Release brakes and step on foot brake Watch for 1 min, no more than 4 lbs drop Key on, pump brakes to check for low air warning (<60 psi) Continue to pump brakes until tractor protection valve pops (around 40 psi)

LIGHTS Key on Check headlights Clearance lights Turn signals Four way flashers Brake lights Reflectors

Walk around Check Tires Wheels and lugs Suspension Brake Chambers and slack adjusters Brake linings Sides of vehicle (including doors) Fuel tank Battery box Drive shaft Exhaust system Frame Coupling system Emergency equipment

EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT §392.8 Emergency equipment, inspection, and use. No commercial motor vehicle shall be driven unless the driver thereof is satisfied that the emergency equipment required by §393.95 of this subchapter is in place and ready for use; nor shall any driver fail to use or make use of such equipment when and as needed.

Free of Oil Leaks §396.5 Lubrication. Every motor carrier shall ensure that each motor vehicle subject to its control is— (a) properly lubricated; and (b) free of oil and grease leaks.

Cargo Securement Inspections The Driver is required to inspect the load and securement: During Pre-Trip inspection Again within the first 50 miles Anytime there is a change of duty status OR After 3 hours of driving OR After 150 miles, whichever comes first.

POST TRIP INSPECTIONS §396.11 Driver vehicle inspection report(s). (a) Report required. Every motor carrier shall require its drivers to report, and every driver shall prepare a report in writing at the completion of each day’s work on each vehicle operated and the report shall cover at least the following parts and accessories: —Service brakes including trailer brake connections —Parking (hand) brake —Steering mechanism —Lighting devices and reflectors —Tires —Horn —Windshield wipers —Rear vision mirrors —Coupling devices —Wheels and rims —Emergency equipment

DRIVER VEHICLE INSPECTION REPORT (b) Report content. The report shall identify the vehicle and list any defect or deficiency discovered by or reported to the driver which would affect the safety of operation of the vehicle or result in its mechanical breakdown. If no defect or deficiency is discovered by or reported to the driver, the report shall so indicate. In all instances, the driver shall sign the report. On two-driver operations, only one driver needs to sign the driver vehicle inspection report, provided both drivers agree as to the defects or deficiencies identified. If a driver operates more than one vehicle during the day, a report shall be prepared for each vehicle operated. (c) Corrective action. Prior to requiring or permitting a driver to operate a vehicle, every motor carrier or its agent shall repair any defect or deficiency listed on the driver vehicle inspection report which would be likely to affect the safety of operation of the vehicle.

Subpart I - Protection Against Shifting and Falling Cargo 49 CFR Part 393 Subpart I - Protection Against Shifting and Falling Cargo

Applicability 393.100(a) The rules apply to trucks, truck tractors, semi-trailers, full trailers, and pole trailers. 393.100(b) A vehicle when transporting cargo must be loaded to prevent the cargo from leaking, spilling, blowing or falling from the motor vehicle. 393.100(c) Cargo must be secured to prevent shifting upon or within the vehicle to such an extent that it effects the vehicles stability of maneuverability is adversely affected.

393.106 General Requirements Applicability Rules apply to the transportation of articles of cargo Commodity Specific requirements must be met in addition to the applicable general requirements 7/16/2019 Part 2: General Cargo Securement

393.106(d) Aggregate Working Load Limit for Tiedowns The aggregate working load limit of tiedowns used to secure an article or group of articles against movement must be at least one-half times the weight of the article or group of articles

393.106(d) Aggregate Working Load Limit for Tiedowns (NEW) The aggregate working load limit is the sum of: One-Half the working load limit of each tiedown that goes from an anchor point on the vehicle to an anchor point on an article of cargo. One-Half the working load limit of each tiedown that is attached to an anchor point on the vehicle, passes through over or around the article of cargo, and then attached to an anchor point on the same side of the vehicle.

One-Half the working load limit

393.106(d) Aggregate Working Load Limit for Tiedowns (NEW) The aggregate working load limit is the sum of: The working load limit for each tiedown that goes from anchor point on the vehicle through, over, or around the article of cargo, and then attaches to another anchor point on the other side of the vehicle.

How Is The Working Load Limit Determined? 393.108 The working load limit of a tiedown, associated connector or attachment mechanism is the the LOWEST working load limit of any of its components.

How Is The Working Load Limit Determined? 393.108(b) The working load limits of tiedowns may be determined by using either the tiedown manufacture’s markings or by the tables listed in this section.

How Is The Working Load Limit Determined? 393.108(b) The working load limits listed in the table are to be used when the tiedown material is not marked by the manufacturer with the working load limit. If the tiedowns are marked by the manufacturer with working load limits that differ from the tables, they shall be considered to have the value for which they are marked. (The value may be higher or lower)

How Is The Working Load Limit Determined? 393.108(d) Welded steel chain that is not marked or labeled to enable identification of its grade or WLL shall be considered to have a WLL equal to that of a grade 30 proof coil chain.

Binders

Straps

Chains

Summary of Working Load Limits of Tiedowns 393.108 WLL is that of weakest component Use marking on tiedown Tiedowns are not required to be marked If not marked, use 393.108 table Welded chain 393.108(d) Friction mats Determine weight of cargo

393. 110 What else do I have to determine 393.110 What else do I have to determine the minimum number of tiedowns? LENGTH In addition to the weight of the article being secured and the WLL of the tiedown, the length of the article helps determine the number and type of tiedowns required.

393.110(b) When an article is not blocked or positioned to prevent movement by a headerboard, bulkhead, other appropriate blocking devices it must be secured by at least:

393.110(b)(1) One tiedown for articles 5 feet or less in length, and 1100 lbs. or less in weight 1,100 lbs. 5 ft.

393.110(b)(2)(i) Two tiedowns if the article is 5 feet or less in length and more than 1100 lbs

393.110(b)(2)(ii) Two tiedowns if longer than 5 feet but less than or equal to 10 feet, irrespective of weight.

110(b)(3) Two tiedowns if the article is longer than 10 feet, and one additional tiedown for every 10 feet of article length or fraction thereof, beyond the first 10 feet of length. 10 ft.

393.110(c) If an individual article of cargo is blocked, braced or immobilized to prevent movement in the forward direction by a headerboard, bulkhead, other articles of cargo which are adequately secured by appropriate blocking or immobilization method, it must be secured by at least one tiedown for every 10 feet of article length, or fraction thereof. 10 ft.

Special Purpose Vehicles 393.110(d) The rules in this section do not apply to a vehicle transporting one or more articles of cargo such as but not limited to, machinery or fabricated structural items(e.g., steel or concrete beams, crane booms, girders, and trusses, etc.) which, because of their design, size, shape, or weight, must be fastened by special methods. However, any article of cargo carried on that vehicle must be securely and adequately fastened to the vehicle.

Special Purpose Vehicles

Adjustability 393.112 Each tiedown, or its associated connectors, or its attachment mechanisms must be designed, constructed, and maintained so the driver of an in-transit CMV can tighten them.

Adjustability

Commodity Specific Requirements Logs (393.116) Dressed Lumber or Similar Building Products (393.118) Metal Coils (393.120) Paper Rolls (393.122) Concrete Pipe (393.124) Intermodal Containers (393.126) Automobiles, Light Trucks and Vans (393.128) Heavy Vehicles, Equipment and Machinery (393.130) Flattened or Crushed Vehicles (393.132) Roll-On/Roll-Off or Hook Lift Containers (393.134) Large Boulders (393.136)

383.128 Autos, Light Trucks,& Vans Applies to vehicles under 10,000 lbs. Heavier vehicles must be secured in accordance with 393.130. Must be restrained front and rear with a minimum of two tiedowns to prevent movement in all directions.

393.130 Heavy Vehicles, Equipment and Machinery

393.130 Heavy Vehicles, Equipment and Machinery The rules in this section apply to the transportation of equipment which operates on wheels or tracks, such as front end loaders, bulldozers, tractors, and power shovels and which individually weigh 10,000 lbs or more. If under 10,000 lbs. may be secured under the provisions of this section or in accordance with 393.128, light weight vehicles, or under the general provisions 393.100 – 393.114

Applicability

393.130(b) Preparation for Transport Accessory Equipment, such as hydraulic shovels must be completely lowered and secured to the vehicle.

393.130(b) Preparation for Transport What if the accessory equipment doesn’t fit on the trailer when it is lowered? Interpretation # 2 states that accessory equipment can be transported in a raised position, provided that they are designed to be transported in that manner. However, the accessory equipment must be locked in place for transport to ensure that neither the accessories nor the equipment itself shifts during transport.

393.130(b) Preparation for Transport Articulated Vehicles shall be restrained in a manner that prevents articulation while in transit

393.130(c) Securement Equipment must be restrained against movement in the lateral, forward, rearward, and vertical direction using a minimum of four tiedowns. REMEMBER the requirements in 393.106 still apply.

Part 3: Commodity Specific Requirements Location of Tiedowns 7/16/2019 Part 3: Commodity Specific Requirements

Location of Tiedowns 393.130(c)(2) Each tiedown must be affixed as close as practicable to the front and rear of the vehicle, or mounting points on the vehicle that have been specifically designed for that purpose.

FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTACT: NORTH DAKOTA HIGHWAY PATROL Headquarters – Bismarck (701) 328-2455