Fetal and neonatal IL-13 production during pregnancy and at birth and subsequent development of atopic symptoms Toby J. Williams, Catherine A. Jones,

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Fetal and neonatal IL-13 production during pregnancy and at birth and subsequent development of atopic symptoms Toby J. Williams, Catherine A. Jones, PhD, Elizabeth A. Miles, PhD, John O. Warner, MD, Jill A. Warner, PhD Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Volume 105, Issue 5, Pages 951-959 (May 2000) DOI: 10.1067/mai.2000.106211 Copyright © 2000 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 IL-13 production by fetal and cord blood mononuclear cells at different gestational ages to term. IL-13 produced into 24-hour culture supernatants from unstimulated (A ) and PHA-stimulated (B , 1 μg/mL) fetal and cord blood mononuclear cells was measured by using ELISA. The dotted horizontal line indicates the lower limit of detection (0.5 pg/mL), and the data from each individual is shown with a cross . Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2000 105, 951-959DOI: (10.1067/mai.2000.106211) Copyright © 2000 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Concentration of IL-13 in paired fetal and maternal plasma at different gestational ages to term. A cytokine-specific ELISA was used to measure IL-13 in fetal and cord plasma (A ), and these levels showed a significant positive correlation (P = .03) when compared with IL-13 levels in matched maternal plasma (B ). The dotted horizontal line indicates the lower limit of detection (0.5 pg/mL), and individual data is shown by a cross in A . Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2000 105, 951-959DOI: (10.1067/mai.2000.106211) Copyright © 2000 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 IL-13 production by adult and random term cord blood mononuclear cells. Levels in 24-hour culture supernatants of unstimulated (A ) and PHA-stimulated (B , 1 μg/mL) mononuclear cells are shown. The dotted horizontal line indicates the lower limit of detection (0.5 pg/mL). Median values are represented as solid horizontal bars , and data from individuals is shown as a cross . Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2000 105, 951-959DOI: (10.1067/mai.2000.106211) Copyright © 2000 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Concentration of IL-13 in the supernatants of PHA-stimulated cord blood mononuclear cells at birth. A comparison of IL-13 production into the supernatants of PHA-stimulated (1 μg/mL) cord blood mononuclear cells from babies at low risk for atopic disease, high-risk babies who did not have disease by 3 years of age, and high-risk babies who did have disease by 3 years of age. Data from individuals are shown as a cross . Horizontal bars indicate median values, and statistical significance is indicated by asterisks . Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2000 105, 951-959DOI: (10.1067/mai.2000.106211) Copyright © 2000 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 IL-13 immunoreactivity in the placenta. A representative example of 6 placental samples that were immunoreactive with an anti-human IL-13 mAb (A ) and the isotype-matched control (B , mouse IgG1). Placentas of greater than 27 weeks’ gestation (n = 10) did not show immunoreactivity with the anti-human IL-13 mAb. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2000 105, 951-959DOI: (10.1067/mai.2000.106211) Copyright © 2000 Mosby, Inc. Terms and Conditions