Murine gingival MSCs and skin MSCs produce and secrete IL-1RA–EV

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Fig. 1 Murine gingival MSCs and skin MSCs produce and secrete IL-1RA–EV. Murine gingival MSCs and skin MSCs produce and secrete IL-1RA–EV. (A) Total protein contained within small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) isolated from the culture supernatant of 1 × 106 murine human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), gingiva-derived MSCs (GMSCs), and skin MSCs (SMSCs) (n = 3). (B) Western blotting and semi-quantification analysis of CD63, CD9, and CD81 expression from sEVs isolated from GMSCs and SMSCs. (C) Differential centrifugation and sucrose cushion procedure for the isolation of EVs from MSC culture supernatants (SN). (D) Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), CD63, CD9, and CD81 expression in lysates from fractions corresponding to (C). (E) Super-resolution stimulated emission depletion staining and quantification for IL-1RA–enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) (green), CD63 (red), and CD81 (red) in GMSCs transfected with plasmids containing IL-1RA–EGFP fusion protein. The lower right box is a higher magnification of the boxed region in the merged image; colocalization of IL-1RA with CD63 or CD81 is shown in yellow (n = 5). Scale bar, 10 μm. (F) Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy images from GMSCs cotransfected with plasmids expressing IL-1RA–EGFP (green) and CD63-mCherry (red). The top right panel is a higher magnification of the boxed region in the left image; colocalization of IL-1RA–EGFP and CD63-mCherry is shown in yellow. The bottom panels (1 to 4) show sequential images from live-cell imaging. Arrows indicate two individual IL-1RA–positive vesicle fusion events. Scale bar, 10 μm. (G) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of IL-1RA from the culture supernatant of GMSCs and SMSCs (n = 3). (H) Western blotting and semi-quantification analysis of IL-1RA expressed by GMSCs and SMSCs. (I) Immunocytofluorescence staining of IL-1RA (green) and the MSC marker CD105 (red) in GMSCs and SMSCs. Scale bar, 20 μm. (J and K) Real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of soluble IL-1RA (sIL-1RA) mRNA (J) and intracellular IL-1RA (icIL-1RA) mRNA (K) in GMSCs and SMSCs. All results are representative of data generated in at least three independent experiments (J and K) (n = 6). **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Error bars are means ± SD. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni correction (A), or independent unpaired two-tailed Student’s t tests (B, G, H, J, and K). Xiaoxing Kou et al., Sci Transl Med 2018;10:eaai8524 Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works