The ILC World Revisited Andreas Diefenbach, Marco Colonna, Chiara Romagnani  Immunity  Volume 46, Issue 3, Pages 327-332 (March 2017) DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.03.008 Copyright © 2017 Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Discussions at the 2nd EMBO Conference on Innate Lymphoid Cells Immunity 2017 46, 327-332DOI: (10.1016/j.immuni.2017.03.008) Copyright © 2017 Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Current Map of Lymphoid Lineages The cartoon depicts the current understanding of ILC development from progenitors as reported at the meeting. Downstream of the common lymphoid progenitor (CLP), a molecular program that leads to the downregulation of FLT3 and the upregulation of integrin α4β7 is initiated. Lineage-negative progenitors expressing α4β7 and IL-7Rα (CD127) but devoid of the ILC-lineage-defining transcription factors are dubbed αLP (α4β7+ lymphoid progenitors), which is a diverse population of progenitors. The early ILC progenitor (EILP) initiates expression of TCF1 but has low levels of ID2. EILP can differentiate into all helper-like ILC subsets as well as into NK cells. Downstream of EILP is the common helper-like ILC progenitor (CHILP) that is characterized by high-level ID2 expression. On the basis of PLZF or PD1 expression, two subsets of CHILP that have distinct developmental potential can be discriminated. PLZF− PD1− CHILP1 can give rise to all helper-like ILCs, including LTi cells (or CCR6+ ILC3). CHILP2 (or ILCp) cells characterized by PLZF and PD1 expression have a more restricted developmental potential because they cannot differentiate into LTi cells or CCR6+ ILC3. In a process yet to be determined, CHILP cells upregulate the lineage-defining transcription factors of the various ILC lineages. Immunity 2017 46, 327-332DOI: (10.1016/j.immuni.2017.03.008) Copyright © 2017 Terms and Conditions