MICRO: Enhancing Competitiveness of Micro-enterprises in Rural Areas Module No.5: Access to non-grant finance for micro-enterprises in rural areas Prepared by the Consortium for the project: “Irish Rural Link – National University of Ireland Maynooth- CDI – EEO GROUP SA- IHF asbl – IDP - Internet Web Solutions SL”

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises Overview How many slides? 23 slides in total How long to read and listen? 15 minutes (not including exploring the links provided within slides) What is the benefit? See aim and expected learning in following slides

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises Unit Aim In this module, we will learn about non-grant financing of micro-enterprises and the most relevant financial institutions for non – grant financing for micro-enterprises

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises Expected Learning Outcomes At the end of this module you will be able to: Know types of financial institutions relevant for micro-enterprises Know about the most common ways of financing micro-enterprises

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises Non-grant financing for micro-enterprises (1 of 3)   Micro-enterprises are the leading force of every healthy economy. Irrespective of their “small size” micro-enterprises are very valuable for any national economic eco-system thanks to their contribution to employment and productivity as well as for their social role.

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises Non-grant financing for micro-enterprises (2 of 3)   Micro-enterprises, because of their small capacity, are very weak and vulnerable from the financial side. Because of that, access to finance for micro-enterprises is very important.

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises Non-grant financing for micro-enterprises (3 of 3)   Non-grant financing is the most common way to get a fresh injection of money in micro-enterprises. This means that enterprises are raising money from financial institutions in the form of a loan or partnership investment.

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises Financial institutions   There are many financial institutions and intermediaries that can provide financing, but the most relevant for micro-enterprises are: banks, venture capital funds, business angels, crowdfunding, etc.

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises Financial institutions relevant to micro-enterprises (1 of 12)  Banks Banks are financial institutions that mediate in payment operations and money is a main product for them.

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises Financial institutions relevant to micro-enterprises (2 of 12)  Banks Banks collect funds from individuals or companies and pay interest for that (deposit); the key role as financial intermediaries of banks is to then redirect the funds collected through deposits, through loans to individuals and firms (loans). Banks charge companies and individuals a higher interest rate on the loans.

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises Financial institutions relevant to micro-enterprises (3 of 12)  Banks Banks are the most used financial institutions all over the world.

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises Financial institutions relevant to micro-enterprises (4 of 12)  Banks Micro-enterprises usually rely on bank services for their payment operations, and very often they also use other bank services such as: loans, guarantees, letters of credit, factoring, etc.

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises Financial institutions relevant to micro-enterprises (5 of 12)  Banks Banks usually require collateral (i.e. an asset as a guarantee for the loan) when issuing loans to companies.

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises Financial institutions relevant to micro-enterprises (6 of 12)  •Venture capital funds Venture capital funds are financial institutions that are mostly oriented to financing profitable ideas.

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises Financial institutions relevant to micro-enterprises (7 of 12)  •Venture capital funds They are also working with money, but the main difference between venture capital funds and banks is that they are investing in good ideas seeking high returns on their investment in relatively shorter periods of time.

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises Financial institutions relevant to micro-enterprises (8 of 12)  •Venture capital funds For them a good idea is only a profitable idea if there is a short period of return of investment.

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises Financial institutions relevant to micro-enterprises (9 of 12)  •Venture capital funds Before investing, venture capital funds carry out so called “due diligence” to analyze and assess the viability of the business idea, including: review of previous operations of the company, management of the company, market analyses, and product analyses and most importantly – period of return of the investment.

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises Financial institutions relevant to micro-enterprises (10 of 12)  •Venture capital funds For these services venture capital funds are not looking for collateral. They are eliminating risk with good analyses.

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises Financial institutions relevant to micro-enterprises (11 of 12)  •Business Angels Business angels are a network of successful entrepreneurs who are looking for a business or good idea to invest their savings and also as a means to diversify their business portfolio. They are often organized in networks to generate economies of scale and safeguard privacy.

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises Financial institutions relevant to micro-enterprises (12 of 12)  •Business Angels Business angels are open to good business ideas or well-organized business, and have become increasingly instrumental in supporting innovative start-ups.

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises The most common way of financing micro-enterprises (1 of 2) Every micro-enterprise should find the optimal way to finance the business. This means that management should make a decision on what type of financing is most suitable for the company, balancing aspects such as financing needs, cost of financing, timing and eligibility requirements.

Private sources of finance for micro-enterprises The most common way of financing micro-enterprises (2 of 2)   Also, managers should take into account the time it takes to bring to completion for an application of a loan or investment. Typically, because of the factors above, bank debt (a traditional loan from a commercial bank) is often the most suitable for micro-enterprises.

Thank you for your attention  End of Module Thank you for your attention 