Fig. 4 The PTEN pathway in Tregs is required to suppress immune responses to apoptotic cells. The PTEN pathway in Tregs is required to suppress immune.

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Fig. 4 The PTEN pathway in Tregs is required to suppress immune responses to apoptotic cells. The PTEN pathway in Tregs is required to suppress immune responses to apoptotic cells. (A to D) Normal mice without tumors received footpad injection of dying EL4 tumor cells (treated for 3 hours in vitro with staurosporine to induce apoptosis). (A) After 48 hours, DLNs and unaffected contralateral LNs (CLNs) were stained for IDO (red chromogen). (B) OT-I response to cell-associated antigen from apoptotic EL4-OVA (E.G7) cells, or parental EL4 controls, with or without treatment in vivo with the IDO inhibitor drug in drinking water. (C) After apoptotic cell injection, Foxp3+ Tregs were compared in DLNs versus control distant CLNs for activation of pten-Tregs, with or without IDO inhibitor (indoximod). (D) Two days after challenge with apoptotic cells, Tregs were sorted from DLNs (or control LNs without injection) and directly tested ex vivo for constitutive suppressor activity, as described in fig. S2A, with or without PD-1/L blockade in the readout assay. Each point is the mean of triplicate cocultures; bars show SD (all are less than ±5%, smaller than the symbols). (E) Effect of PTEN inhibitor (VO-OHpic) on the immune response to apoptotic EL4-OVA cells (E.G7). Responses were compared in WT (parental) hosts and PTENTreg-KO hosts, with and without VO-OHpic. (F) Old mice (1- to 2-year-old retired breeders) and young mice (<6 months) from the PTENTreg-KO strain were tested for spontaneous antinuclear autoantibodies in serum (ANA, left) and deposition of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and complement C3 in the kidney (right). (G and H) Young, healthy PTENTreg-KO mice, or control WT B6 mice, were challenged with 2 × 107 apoptotic thymocytes weekly for four doses intravenously. Splenic B cells were analyzed for CD24 expression on day 28 (G). Serum titers of autoantibodies were compared at days 0, 14, and 28 (H). Pooled data from four to five mice; bars show SD. Madhav D. Sharma et al. Sci Adv 2015;1:e1500845 Copyright © 2015, The Authors