Fig. 2 Endurance exercise up-regulates TERRA in human muscle.

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Fig. 2 Endurance exercise up-regulates TERRA in human muscle. Endurance exercise up-regulates TERRA in human muscle. (A) Design of the in vivo experiment. (B) Blood lactate concentrations (mM) before (gray) and at the end (black) of exercise in subjects (S) (50% VO2 peak, low-intensity exercise; 75% VO2 peak, high-intensity exercise). (C) Representative Western blots of ACC phosphorylation (P-ACC) in B1, B2, and B3 biopsies from S5 (high lactate), S6 (medium lactate), and S12 (low lactate). Total ACC was used to evaluate the P-ACC/ACC ratio, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was used as a loading control. (D) P-ACC/ACC ratios in B2 and B3 normalized to B1 for all subjects. (E) P-ACC/ACC ratios plotted against blood lactate concentration after exercise. (F) PGC-1α abundance in nuclear fractions from S12, S6, and S5 biopsies normalized to Ku80 and to matching B1. (G) PGC-1α cDNA normalized to β2M cDNA and to matching B1. (H) qRT-PCR analysis of TERRA (15q, 16p, and 1q-2q-4q-10q-13q-22q) in B2 and B3, normalized to β2M cDNA and to matching B1. (I) Average induction of TERRA (all three qRT-PCRs pooled) in B3 compared to matching B1 for 50% VO2 peak group (n = 5) and 75% VO2 peak group (n = 5). Error bars indicate SD. (J) TERRA fold induction in B3 plotted against blood lactate concentration after exercise. (K) TERRA-FISH (red) and TRF2 detection (green) in muscle biopsies. Blue, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). Scale bar, 5 μm. Aurélie Diman et al. Sci Adv 2016;2:e1600031 Copyright © 2016, The Authors