EARLY HOMINIDS

AUSTRALOPITHECUS AFARENSIS (Lucy) Discovered in Africa 3 to 4 million years ago in Eastern Africa About 3 feet tall Bipeds – they walked on two feet Could gather & carry food Could defend themselves and carry their children Their brains were about 1/3 the size of our = not as smart Did not make tools AUSTRALOPITHECUS AFARENSIS (Lucy)

HOMO HABILIS: HANDY MAN Lived 2 to 1.5 million years ago Nicknamed “Handy Man” Taller than Lucy & their brain was twice as big Had ability to make tools Remains found only in Africa Lived in small groups to work together & protect each other First hominids to make simple stone tools

HOMO ERECTUS Nicknamed “Upright Man” Was around longer than other hominids – from 1.8 million to 200,000 B.C.E. Migrated (moved) – to other continents like Europe & Asia They had strong bones & were good walkers and runners Looked more human like Made more complex tools (hand-axes) First to use FIRE (too keep warm & scare off animals) Lived with group in huts

Homo sapiens neanderthalensis Lived from 230,000-30,000 years ago Lived in Africa, Near East, Europe, Asia Had large brains Made more than 60 types of tools (knives, scrapers, & spears) Had a sense of community, took care of their sick and injured, & had burials Lived, traveled & hunted in groups Homo sapiens neanderthalensis

Homo sapiens sapiens Early modern humans known as “Doubly Wise Man” Lived from 35,000-12,000 B.C.E Originated in Africa but moved all over the world Migrated from Asia to North and South America using land bridges Made better tools, shelter & clothing than Neanderthals Made spears and bows and arrows to hunt animals from a safe distance. Made needles to sew animal hide together The first artists – left behind cave paintings of animals they hunted and imaginary creatures. Homo sapiens sapiens