- Biochemical - Living organisms Alya yosef Ohood faisal 11A

Have you wondered what living organisms are made of? The building blocks that make up organisms include elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulphur. Elements are the key ingredients that make up cells, DNA, proteins, hair, and skin. If you were to break apart the human body you would find it is comprised mostly of the element oxygen.

Why are nutrients important to living things ? Nutrition is the science of how our bodies obtain energy, build tissue, and control body functions using materials supplied in the food we eat. Nutrients are chemical substances needed by the body. The need for nutrition by living organisms is essential for survival in the sense that it provides energy and material for growth and repair and for the general function of the human system and its maintenance. Different foods we eat contain at least one of the seven major nutrients namely; carbohydrate, protein, fats, vitamins, minerals, roughages and water.

What is carbon cycle? All living things are made of carbon. Carbon is also a part of the ocean, air, and even rocks. Because the Earth is a dynamic place, carbon does not stay still. It is on the move! In the atmosphere, carbon is attached to some oxygen in a gas called carbon dioxide. Plants use carbon dioxide and sunlight to make their own food and grow. The carbon becomes part of the plant. Plants that die and are buried may turn into fossil fuels made of carbon like coal and oil over millions of years. When humans burn fossil fuels, most of the carbon quickly enters the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.

What is water cycle? Water plays many different roles on the Earth. Some is at the poles in ice caps, and some is in the snow and glaciers at the tops of high mountains. Some is in lakes and streams, and some is underground. Some is vapor in the atmosphere. But most of the water on Earth is in the oceans. Water is always on the move! The Sun’s energy causes water to evaporate from oceans and lakes into the atmosphere. Plants and animals also release water vapor into the atmosphere as they breathe. When the atmosphere cools, water vapor condenses; making clouds that might produce rain or snow

Why is nitrogen cycle? Take a deep breath. Most of what you just inhaled is nitrogen. In fact, 80% of the air in our atmosphere is made of nitrogen. Your body does not use the nitrogen that you inhale with each breath. But, like all living things, your body needs nitrogen. Your body gets the nitrogen it needs to grow from foo Most plants get the nitrogen they need from soil. Many farmers use fertilizers to add nitrogen to the soil to help plants grow larger and faster. Both nitrogen fertilizers and forest fires add huge amounts of nitrogen into the soil and nearby lakes and rivers.

Oxygen cycle Oxygen is constantly being used and created by different processes on planet Earth. All of these processes together make up the oxygen cycle. The oxygen cycle is interconnected with the carbon cycle. In the simple example of the oxygen cycle shown below, you can see how oxygen is used and cycled by plants and animals. Plants are the main creators of oxygen in the atmosphere through the process of photosynthesis. Here the tree uses sunlight and carbon dioxide to produce energy and releases oxygen. The giraffe breathes in the oxygen and then breathes out carbon dioxide. The plant can then use this carbon dioxide and the cycle is complete.

The rest of the cycles phosphorus cycle: is the biogeochemical cycle that describes the movement of phosphorus through the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. The sulfur: cycle is the collection of processes by which sulfur moves to and from minerals including the waterways and living systems. The rock cycle: is a basic concept in geology that describes the time-consuming transitions through geologic time among the three main rock types: sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous. A nutrient cycle: is the movement and exchange of organic and inorganic matter back into the production of living matter food cycle: is the natural interconnection of food chains and a graphical representation usually an image of what eats-what in an ecological community