Add 4 µl loading dye to each sample Load 10 µl in wells 1-5 Load 10 µl marker DNA in lane 6 Run @ 80 volts for 5’, then @ 150 volts

Possible Projects Studying potential of Rhodopseudomonas (a.k.a. Rhodobacter) for biophotovoltaics Rosenbaum M, Schro¨ der U, Scholz F: In situ electrooxidation of photobiological hydrogen in a photobiological fuel cell based on Rhodobacter sphaeroides. Environ Sci Technol 2005, 39:6328-6333.

Possible Projects 2. Studying Cyanobacteria for biophotovoltaics Finding new ones Tweaking knowns http://www.invitrogen.com/site/us/en/home/Products-and-Services/Applications/Protein-Expression-and-Analysis/Protein-Expression/algae-engineering-kits.html

Possible Projects 3. Studying algae for biophotovoltaics especially under CO2 deprivation

Possible Projects 4. Studying plants for biophotovoltaics Roots under hypoxia Aquatics under CO2 deprivation

Possible Projects 5. Engineering the production of other novel products

General principle: transfer e- from food to anode via direct contact, nanowires or a mediator. H+ diffuse to cathode to join e- forming H2O

We need to make or acquire some electrodes! bacteria, cyanobacteria or green algae can coat Uses 2-hydroxy-1,4 -naphtoquinone as shuttle

We need to make or acquire some electrodes! bacteria, cyanobacteria or green algae can coat Uses 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphtoquinone as shuttle b) H2- generating microbes, electrocatalytic anode Chlamydomonas made more H2 when H2 was rapidly removed.

We need to make or acquire some electrodes! bacteria, cyanobacteria or green algae can coat Uses 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphtoquinone as shuttle b) H2- generating cyanobacteria, electrocatalytic anode c) Phototrophic microbes and mixed heterotrophic bacteria in sediments

We need to make or acquire some electrodes! bacteria, cyanobacteria or green algae can coat Uses 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphtoquinone as shuttle b) H2- generating microbes, electrocatalytic anode c) Phototrophic microbes and mixed heterotrophic bacteria in sediments d) Plants and mixed heterotrophic bacteria in sediments http://www.plantpower.eu/

Uses 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphtoquinone as shuttle b) H2- generating microbes, electrocatalytic anode c) Phototrophic microbes and mixed heterotrophic bacteria in sediments d) Plants and mixed heterotrophic bacteria in sediments e) Ex situ photosynthesis coupled with mixed heterotrophic bacteria at a dark anode

Uses 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphtoquinone as shuttle b) H2- generating microbes, electrocatalytic anode c) Phototrophic microbes and mixed heterotrophic bacteria in sediments d) Plants and mixed heterotrophic bacteria in sediments e) Ex situ photosynthesis coupled with mixed heterotrophic bacteria at a dark anode f) Direct electron transfer between photosynthetic bacteria and electrodes

Uses 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphtoquinone as shuttle b) H2- generating microbes, electrocatalytic anode c) Phototrophs & mixed heterotrophs in sediments d) Plants and mixed heterotrophic bacteria in sediments e) Ex situ photosynthesis & mixed heterotrophs f) Direct e transfer between phototrophs and electrodes g) Use photosynthesis to generate O2 at the cathode

We need to make or acquire some electrodes! bacteria, cyanobacteria or green algae can coat

We need to make or acquire some electrodes! That bacteria, cyanobacteria or green algae can coat That roots can coat

How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system?

How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system? Identify a suitable candidate organism or consortium

How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system? Identify a suitable candidate organism or consortium Must be tractable to bioengineering

How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system? Identify a suitable candidate organism or consortium Must be tractable to bioengineering Must be able to be genetically transformed

How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system? Identify a suitable candidate organism or consortium Must be tractable to bioengineering Must be able to be genetically transformed Bioengineering is changing an organism’s genotype by adding DNA encoding specific functions!

How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system? Identify a suitable candidate organism or consortium Must be tractable to bioengineering Must be able to be genetically transformed Bioengineering is changing an organism’s genotype by adding DNA encoding specific functions! Sequences must function in the new host

How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system? Identify a suitable candidate organism or consortium Must be tractable to bioengineering Must be able to be genetically transformed Bioengineering is changing an organism’s genotype by adding DNA encoding specific functions! Sequences must function in the new host Must contain binding sites for the host regulatory proteins

How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system? Identify a suitable candidate organism or consortium Must be tractable to bioengineering Must be able to be genetically transformed Bioengineering is changing an organism’s genotype by adding DNA encoding specific functions! 2. Sequences must function in the new host Must be replicated

How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system? 2. Sequences must function in the new host Must be replicated Either insert into chromosome

How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system? 2. Sequences must function in the new host Must be replicated Either insert into chromosome, or replicate extrachromasomally (i.e. as a plasmid)

How to bioengineer a novel bio-photovoltaic system? 2. Sequences must function in the new host Must be replicated Either insert into chromosome, or replicate extrachromasomally (i.e. as a plasmid) Must have origin of replication that functions in new host (highly species-specific in bacteria)