Fig. 2 Ro60 commensal bacteria are common among lupus and healthy subjects without overt dysbiosis of the fecal, oral, or skin microbiome. Ro60 commensal.

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Fig. 2 Ro60 commensal bacteria are common among lupus and healthy subjects without overt dysbiosis of the fecal, oral, or skin microbiome. Ro60 commensal bacteria are common among lupus and healthy subjects without overt dysbiosis of the fecal, oral, or skin microbiome. (A) 16S V4 sequencing was performed from the fecal, oral, and skin microbiomes of 15 subjects with lupus and 7 healthy controls. Principal coordinates analysis of weighted UniFrac distances represents β-diversity by body site but not by the presence of serum anti-Ro60 antibodies. (B) Vertical bars represent relative abundance of microbial phyla in individual fecal, oral, and skin microbiome samples. Legend indicates most abundant phyla. No significant differences in linear discriminant analysis effect size were found between groups. (C) Heat map of relative abundance of four Ro60 commensal bacteria from human microbiome samples measured by bacterial Ro60-specific qPCR. Each row represents a study subject: healthy (NOR), SLE, or SCLE. (+) or (−) indicates serum anti-Ro60 immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibodies. Subjects completed up to three longitudinal visits, shown by column. White space indicates no sample. Legend indicates color relative to ΔΔCt value. There was no significant difference in the mean abundance between Ro60(+) and Ro60(−) individuals except P. prop from the chest (two-sample t test, *P = 0.02) (plot shown at the bottom right). (D) SCLE patient cutaneous lesional biopsies stained with a P. prop 16S rDNA–specific FISH probe (green) as well as the eubacterial probe EUB338 (red). DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole. Teri M. Greiling et al., Sci Transl Med 2018;10:eaan2306 Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works