Quarter 2: Unit 1: Cell Structures 4-2

1.) Selectively Permeable Membrane– a membrane that keeps our some molecules but allows others to pass through. 2.) Peripheral Proteins – a protein attached to the interior or exterior surface of the cell membrane. 3.) Integral Proteins – a protein imbedded in the bilayer of the cell membrane.

4.) Fluid Mosaic Model – a model of cell membrane structure representing the dynamic nature of membrane lipids and proteins. 5.) Cytoplasm – the region of a cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus. 6.) Mitochondrion – the organelle that is the site of aerobic respiration in eukaryotic cells.

7. ) Cristae– a fold of the inner membrane of mitochondria. 8 7.) Cristae– a fold of the inner membrane of mitochondria. 8.) Ribosomes – an organelle that functions in the synthesis of proteins. 9.) Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) – a system of membranous tubules and sacs in eukaryotic cells that functions as a path along which molecules move from one part of the cell to another.

10.) Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum – the portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that contains attached ribosomes. 11.) Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum – the portion of endoplasmic reticulum that lacks attached ribosomes. 12.) Golgi Apparatus – a system of membranes in eukaryotic cells that modifies proteins for export by the cell.

13.) Lysosomes – an organelle containing digestive enzymes, existing primarily in animal cells. 14.) Cytoskeleton – a network of long protein strands in the cytosol that helps maintain the shape and size of a eukaryotic cell. 15.) Nucleus – the organelle that contains most of the DNA and directs most of the cell’s activities.

16.) Nuclear Envelope – a double membrane that surrounds the nucleus and the cytoplasm 17.) Cell Wall – a rigid structure that surrounds the cells of plants, fungi, many protists, and most bacteria. 18.) Vacuoles – a fluid-filled organelle that stores enzymes or metabolic wastes in a plant cell.

19.) Chloroplasts – a plastid containing chlorophyll; the site of photosynthesis

4-1

1.) Cell Theory – the theory that all living things are made up of cells, that cells are the basic units of organisms, and that cells come only from existing cells. 2.) Organelles – one of several formed bodies with a specialized function that is suspended in the cytoplasm and found in eukaryotic cells. 3.) Cell Membrane – the lipid bilayer that forms the outer boundary of a cell.

4.) Nucleus - the organelle that contains most of the DNA and directs most of the cell’s activities. 5.) Eukaryotes – a cell that contains a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles 6.) Prokaryotes – a unicellular organisms that lacks a nucleus and membrane – bound organelles.

1-4

1.) Microscope – an instrument that produces an enlarged image of an object. 2.) Magnification – the increase of an object’s apparent size 3.) Resolution – the power to show details clearly

4.) Compound Light Microscope (LM) – an instrument that magnifies small objects so they can be seen easily using two or more lenses.