The microbiota inhibits colonic GAPs and antigen delivery after weaning. The microbiota inhibits colonic GAPs and antigen delivery after weaning. (A) Expression.

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The microbiota inhibits colonic GAPs and antigen delivery after weaning. The microbiota inhibits colonic GAPs and antigen delivery after weaning. (A) Expression of TLRs 1 to 9 (labeled by the number), Myd88 (M), and EGFR (E) on fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)–sorted GCs from the SI (blue) or colon (red) of DOL18 or DOL56 mice. (B) Ratio of GAPs per GCs in the colon of DOL18 SPF-housed mice, germ-free (GF)–housed mice, SPF-housed Myd88−/− mice, or SPF-housed mice lacking Myd88 in GCs, with or without luminal heat-killed cecal contents from a DOL56 SPF-housed mice. (C) Ratio of GAPs per GC in the colon of DOL18 mice after luminal LPS with or without inhibition of EGFR (EGFRi) or p42/p44 MAPK (MAPKi) activation. (D) Quantification of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in the cecal contents from DOL7 to DOL60. (E) Number of 16S rRNA sequences grouped by bacteria class across the first 28 DOLs. Ratio of GAPs per GC in the (F) SI and (G) colon of Myd88f/fMath1PGRCre mice lacking Myd88 in GCs or Cre-negative littermates on DOL8, DOL18, or DOL28. nd, not detected; *P < 0.05; #, not detected; n = 4 mice per group. Experiments in (A) were repeated three independent times, and experiments in (B), (C), (F), and (G) were repeated two independent times. Kathryn A. Knoop et al. Sci. Immunol. 2017;2:eaao1314 Copyright © 2017 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works