Natural Climate Variability

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Presentation transcript:

Natural Climate Variability 2. Inter-annual Variability El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) every 3-7 years strong atmospheric pressure gradient across the tropical Pacific weakens Trade Winds slacken or reverse warm water normally piled against SE Asia (due to strong Trade Winds), migrates eastward across the tropical Pacific global consequences/repercussions including widespread droughts in some areas, floods in other areas, severe winter coastal storms along CA, mild winters in NE U.S. p. 126-127

L H During a normal year, there is a strong pressure gradient between the SE Pacific High and the Indo-Australian Low driving strong Trade Winds and piling-up warm water in the western Pacific H L During an El Niño event, Trade Winds slacken and warm surface waters of the Western Pacific Warm Pool slide east over the eastern equatorial Pacific

http://www. sbg. ac. at/ipk/avstudio/pierofun/atmo/el-scans/el-nino1 http://www.sbg.ac.at/ipk/avstudio/pierofun/atmo/el-scans/el-nino1.jpg

Relationship between sea-surface temperature and atmospheric pressure: interannual variability of ENSO yellow bars = El Niño years

Normal year El Niño What’s different?

p. 127

Global climatological effects of the El Niño. http://www.eoearth.org/image/El_nino_global_map.gif Global climatological effects of the El Niño. (Source: PhysicalGeography.net)

How is southern New England affected by El Niño? http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/predictions/threats2/enso/elnino/ndtstat/ma0.gif

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