Material Sampling & Handling Cameron Richardson – Vulcan Materials Back to Basics Material Sampling & Handling from Pit to Project Cameron Richardson – Vulcan Materials

Project Cycle and Typical Failures - Supplier Quality Control Testing -Submittals -Aggregate samples for mix design -Contractor Mix Design -Submittal Project Construction Typical Failures: - Gradation -Sand Equivalent -Cleanness Value (coarse)

Sampling from Pit to Project “It is very difficult to ensure unbiased samples when sampling from stockpiles. This is due to segregation that occurs when material is stockpiled and coarser particles roll to the outside base of the pile. “ “For all aggregates, use a loader to develop a separate, small sampling pile composed of materials drawn from various levels and locations in the main pile. Drag off the top half of the new pile. Take a shovel full of material from several locations of the remaining half of the pile. “ Large Medium Small

Sample Tube for Stockpiles “When sampling stockpiles of fine aggregate, remove the outer layer which may have become segregated and take the sample from the material beneath. If available, sampling tubes (with a diameter of approximately 1 in. and a minimum length of 5 ft) may be inserted into the pile at random locations to extract a minimum of 5 portions of material to form the sample.”

Good Material… …Gone Bad HOMOGENOUS CONSISTENT WITHIN SPEC CONTAMINATED DEGRADED SEGREGATED

CONTAMINATION DEGRADATION SEGREGATION Any unwanted material… Trash/Chemicals Aggregate Material Breakdown… Driven on Moved multiple times SEGREGATION Unnatural separation… Stockpiling Habits Sampling/ Splitting Techniques

Contamination Degradation Segregation

Financial Ramification$

Reference Materials AASHTO T-2 Caltrans ASTM CTM 125 AGG (Sampling) CTM 201 (Splitting) ASTM Volume 4.03 D75 – 14 AASHTO T-2

Sampling of Bituminous Materials (Asphalts and Emulsions) Bob Staugaard Asphalt Pavement & Recycling Technologies, Inc.

Sampling of Asphalt & Emulsions Topics of Discussion Proper Sample Containers Sample Locations Proper Sampling Methods Sample Labeling and Identifications Test Guidelines

Sampling of Asphalt & Emulsions Wear Personal Protective Equipment These items could include but are not limited to Gloves, Safety Glasses, Face Shield and Long Sleeves. Abide by the agency and company policies.

Sample Containers Choose the correct size and type of container needed. The sample size is normally specified in the contract; however, if it is not, the size would depend on the amount of testing required.

Sample Containers Acceptable Acceptable

Sample Containers Acceptable ? Unacceptable

Sample Containers Acceptable Unacceptable

Sample Containers Emulsions If full specification testing is needed, at least ½ gallon of emulsion should be taken. If only limited tests are required, one quart may be sufficient.

Sample Containers Asphalt Rubber One gallon of Asphalt Rubber is needed for Viscosity testing at the manufacturing location. For other testing, a one quart sample is needed.

Sample Containers Asphalt Rubber If the viscosity is to be performed somewhere other than the manufacturing location, then five quart samples should be taken for heating and blending at the lab.

Sample Location At the Manufacturing Source Sample Valve on the Storage Tank Circulating Line Emulsion Mill

Sample Location Jobsite Distribution Truck Sample Valve on the Truck At the Spraybar Thief from the Top of the Truck Valve on the Circulating Line

Proper Sampling Method Sampling from a sample valve: A minimum of 1 gallon of the material should be drawn and discarded. A new sample container should be used when obtaining a sample for retain or testing.

Proper Sampling Method Sampling from a Spraybar Sample should be drawn from the distribution truck mid-load during operations.

Proper Sampling Method Sampling by Thief A sample container, attached to a specialized device, is lowered into the top of the vessel to obtain the sample. This is repeated and the third sample taken is used. THIS METHOD IS NOT RECOMMENDED

Proper Sampling Method DO NOT USE a dirty container to obtain a sample and then transfer into a clean container.

Proper Sampling Method Containers should then be sealed The lids to the emulsion samples should be taped, preferably using black electrician tape. The most effective way is to wrap the tape around the lid, not across the lid.

Sample Identification A Sample Identification label including at least the following information should be prepared: Product: Project: Sample Date: Sample Time: Sample Location:

Sample Identification The label should be affixed to the sample container. DO NOT put the identification information on the lid of the sample container.

Sample Storage/Shipment Emulsion samples should be immediately placed in an insulated container such as a styrafoam ice chest for shipment to the lab. All shipments should be made by ground transportation to reduce the possibility of the emulsion breaking during transport.

Test Guidelines Emulsions Per AASHTO Testing of Emulsions should be completed within 7 days of sampling. Testing of the residue of the emulsion should be completed within 30 days of sampling.

Questions?