Group 2-09: Power and Propaganda: Analyzing the Effects of Propaganda Posters on Ordinary Chinese in the 1960s Group Members: Yao Jiaxin (Leader) 3H1 Chen Zirui 3b1 Zhao Xiang Yu 3b1

Agenda Research Significance Thesis statement Research aims Scope Data collection and methodology Timeline Literature Review Bibliography

Research Significance Millions of propaganda posters were printed by the Propaganda Department of the Chinese Communist Party(1949-1970) (CCP) and prominently displayed in millions of households across China but very little research has been done and few evidence collected on the actual consumption, reception and influence of these propaganda posters on ordinary Chinese. Landsberger, Stefan R. (2010), Models and Martyrs.

Research Significance The few existing recollection of the reception to these posters ranged from “unaware of them” to “how these posters constructed and reconstructed who I was and what was socially expected of me”. Andrew, B. (2006, January 1). Interpreting Power in the Political Poster. Retrieved from http://www.uky.edu/Centers/Asia/SECAAS/Seras/2006/Bozio.htm

Thesis Statement Propaganda posters are the main and most important factor in shaping identities, cultivating desired values and defining one’s role and relationship to the state during the cultural revolution.

Research aims To study To analyse To analyse The role of propaganda in amassing political power Propaganda posters Theories of propaganda Access their effectiveness in cultivating the model citizen Explain the purpose of national campaign in Singapore

Theories of propaganda

Theories of propaganda Governments use two types of institutions to establish power and control Louis Althusser Repressive State Apparatuses (RSAs) Ideological State Apparatuses (ISAs) Police, army, prison system et al Schools, cinemas, newspapers, political posters

Purpose?

Althusser vs. Mao Zedong

How was propaganda disseminated? The propaganda department Enforced the ideological rhetoric of the Chinese communist party How was propaganda disseminated? Literature and art, theatre and music, newspapers and journals, education, health and sports Through

Why Political Posters?

#1 We are interested to study the impact of art (images, colour, style) in uniting, educating and inspiring the ordinary people

#2 Posters were produced in large quantities(in the millions) and displayed prominently in homes throughout China

#3 Posters were produced in large quantities(in the millions) and displayed prominently in homes throughout China

#4 We are interested to compare the political posters to national campaign posters in Singapore and evaluate their effectiveness in cultivating model behaviour

Conclusion State (Consolidates Power and Extends Influence) | | | | 1. Power 2. Soft Power(Culture and Propaganda) | Change Minds(Level of Acceptance? Resistance?)

Data collection and Methodology   Self-Identity Desired Values Relationship to State Analysis of Posters featuring Lei Feng X Memoirs of Chinese who shared their reception to the posters Interview survivors(family members) of their reception to posters Analysis of National Campaign Posters in Singapore

Scope Memoirs of Chinese who shared their reception to the posters Chinese propaganda posters (1949-1976, target: Lei Feng) Time frame: Cultural revolution and the Great Leap Forward Memoirs of Chinese who shared their reception to the posters Interview survivors(family members) of their reception to posters Effects of the propaganda on the people of China Role of propaganda in amassing political power Analysis of National Campaign Posters in Singapore Purpose of National Campaign Posters in Singapore

Timeline

Literature Review Adajian, T. (2007, October 23). The Definition of Art. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/art-definition/ Art is generally defined as “intentionally made by their makers with a significant degree of aesthetic interest, often surpassing that of most everyday objects, exist in virtually every known human culture.” “May have a non-aesthetic purpose behind it, such as ceremonial or religious or propagandistic purpose.”

Literature Review Alex Scott (2002 ). Tolstoy’s What is Art? From http://www.angelfire.com/md2/timewarp/tolstoy.html . Art can also be defined not just as its ability to express form and beauty, but its ability to communicate concepts of morality.

Literature Review Michael McCarty (2000). The historical roots of Chinese communist propaganda. From http://www.baylor.edu/content/services/document.php?id=19565 “Many posters feature heroic, cartoon like figures with political slogans to rally the masses. The images are triumphant, even if the events they depict were often disasters.” “Art had to revolutionized and guided by Mao Zedong Thought, its contents had to be militant and to reflect real life. ” “Proletarian ideology, communist morale and spirit, revolutionary heroism were the messages of a new type of hyper-realistic, politicized art.” “The goal of each poster was to show the Chinese people what sort of behaviour was considered morally correct and how great the future of Communist China would be if everyone followed the same path towards utopia by uniting together.”

Bibliography Adajian, T. (2007, October 23). The Definition of Art. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/art-definition/ Alex Scott (2002 ). Tolstoy’s What is Art?. [ONLINE] from http://www.angelfire.com/md2/timewarp/tolstoy.html . Joseph Goebbels (1931). Will and Way. [ONLINE] from http://research.calvin.edu/german-propaganda-archive/wille.htm Michael McCarty (2000). THE HISTORICAL ROOTS OF CHINESE COMMUNIST PROPAGANDA . [ONLINE] from http://www.baylor.edu/content/services/document.php?id=19565 .  Murong Xuecun (2013). The New face of Chinese propaganda. [ONLINE] from http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/21/opinion/sunday/murong-the-new-face-of-chinese-propaganda.html?_r=0 . Mao Zedong (1957). SPEECH AT THE CHINESE COMMUNIST PARTY'S NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PROPAGANDA WORK. [ONLINE] from https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-5/mswv5_59.html . Anne-Marie Brady. Guiding Hand: The Role of the CCP Central Propaganda Department in the Current Era . [ONLINE] from https://www.westminster.ac.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0015/20148/5-Brady-interim_2_.pdf . Frank Langfitt (2012 ). The Art Of Chinese Propaganda. [ONLINE] from http://www.npr.org/blogs/pictureshow/2012/11/16/164785930/the-art-of-chinese-propaganda . 

Bibliography Adajian, T. (2007, October 23). The Definition of Art. Retrieved March 1, 2015, from http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/art-definition/ Andrew Bozio (). Interpreting Power in the Political Poster. [ONLINE] from http://www.uky.edu/Centers/Asia/SECAAS/Seras/2006/Bozio.htm