III. Lit of the New Republic (1776-1837) Characteristics of era Noah Webster Washington Irving
Lit. Of Colonial America - Review Emphasis on Northern colonies (New England) Development of 1st native genre (Captivity Narrative) Shift from religious writing to the secular Political writing toward close of era
III. Lit. of the New Republic (1776-1837) Why these dates? When is independence realized? political? cultural?
Political independence War of 1812 Causes -British kidnap sailors -Desire to annex Canada War of 1812 Results -embargo leads to economic development -military stalemate -British leave US alone
Cultural Independence Harder to achieve. Europe remains role model. "In the four quarters of the globe, who reads an American book? Or goes to an American play? Or looks at an American picture or statue?"
1780s-1790s Initial mood is more radical to Europe Attempts at language change Attempts at language reform
Noah Webster Early radical Lawyer, Teacher & Bookseller Wrote Speller Grammar Dictionary
Noah Webster Standardized A.E. Reformed spelling Influenced pronounciation of A.E. Dictionary a bestseller Sense of national identity Limit to influence
Reforms Spelling labour → labor centre → center plough → plow musick → music wimmen tung Pronounciation Secretary Waistcoat Salvation
Characteristics of era Political independence Europe as a cultural/literary role model
Why cultural inferiority complex?
Why cultural inferiority complex? Belief that literature stems from social institutions Lack of history Solution…?
Characteristics of era Import European ideas Place in an American context Mythologize the landscape Invent a history
Washington Irving ”Rip Van Winkle” ”The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” Diedrich Knickerbocker (pseudonym)
Legend of Sleepy Hollow Ichabod Crane Headless Horseman Pre-revolutionary Dutch background Mysterious landscape
Legend of Sleepy Hollow
Next week: James Fenimore Cooper Edgar Allan Poe Read ”The Raven”