Chapter 9 - Physical and Cognitive Development in middle childhood (7-12 years)

Physical development Slower physical growth = _________ increases _____________________ are greater determinants of physical performance differences than gender Girls better at ____________; balance and agility Boys superior in __________________ skills changes in gross motor development flexibility __________ agility ________

Value of increased physical activity: overall _________ improves _____________ builds self-esteem __________ (more than 20% above average weight) growing problem (25-30% of children) high caloric intake, __________________, genetics

Cognitive Development Concrete-operational stage - acquire _________________________ ___________ –coordinating several aspects of a task Reversibility – think through steps and _______________ ____________ - ability to order items along a quantitative dimension (height or weight) Classification – categorize more effectively (__________) Improved _________ reasoning Limitations : only apply logic to things they can perceive directly (bound by ___________________)

Information processing Increased _______________ – ability to control internal and external distracting stimuli Use ____________(making information meaningful) to improve memory Cognitive-self-regulation –continuously monitoring ____________________

Which of the following is supported by research on sex differences in motor skills during middle childhood? A. Boys are more advanced than girls in fine motor skills. B. Girls outperform boys on skills that depend on agility and balance. C. Boys’ genetic advantage in muscle mass accounts for their superiority in most gross motor skills. D. Boys are ahead of girls on all gross motor skills.