Therefore, Multiply (x) by 2 EQUIVALENT FRACTIONS Therefore, Multiply (x) by 2 10 5 9 = 18 Multiplied (x) by 2

Therefore, Multiply (x) by 7 EQUIVALENT FRACTIONS Multiplied (x) by 7 35 5 11 = 77 Therefore, Multiply (x) by 7

= = 1 3 12 9 4 36 OR Multiplied (X) by 3 Divide (÷) by 3 EQUIVALENT FRACTIONS Multiplied (X) by 3 Divide (÷) by 3 OR 1 3 12 9 = = 4 36 Divide (÷) by 3 Multiply (x) by 3

12÷3 = 4 exactly and 12÷6 = 2 exactly. SIMPLIFICATION OPTION 1 Divide both the numerator and the denominator by the Highest Common Factor (HCF) or the Greatest Common Factor (GCF) A factor, is a number that divides another number evenly without a remainder. For instance, 3 and 6 are factors of 12 because 12÷3 = 4 exactly and 12÷6 = 2 exactly. In fact, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12 are factors of 12

SIMPLIFICATION Divide (÷) by HCF: 12 24 60 3 = 5 Divide (÷) by HCF: 12

= 125 1000 1 8 Divide (÷) by HCF: 125 Divide (÷) by HCF: 125 SIMPLIFICATION Divide (÷) by HCF: 125 125 1000 1 = 8 Divide (÷) by HCF: 125

SIMPLIFICATION OPTION 2 Divide both the numerator and the denominator by 1. Highest Common Factor (HCF) 2. Lowest Common Factor (LCF) – [or any other factor], until you can't go any further (try dividing using the prime numbers: 2,3,5,7,11... etc), therefore use the Lowest Common Prime Number (LCPN).  Example on next slide:

= = = 24 60 12 6 3 30 15 5 Divide (÷) by LCPN: 2 Divide (÷) by LCPN: 2 SIMPLIFICATION Divide (÷) by LCPN: 2 24 60 12 6 3 = = = 30 15 5 Divide (÷) by LCPN: 2

SIMPLIFICATION Divide (÷) by LCPN: 5 125 1000 25 5 1 = = = 200 40 8 Divide (÷) by LCPN: 5

FRACTIONS MENU LINK: http://www.mathsisfun.com/fractions-menu.html EQUIVALENT FRACTIONS LINK: http://www.mathsisfun.com/equivalent_fractions.html SIMPLIFYING FRACTIONS LINK: http://www.mathsisfun.com/simplifying-fractions.html