REPRODUCTION PRIMA 2014 Výukový materiál GE 02 - 36 Tvůrce: Mgr. Šárka Vopěnková Tvůrce anglické verze: ThMgr. Ing. Jiří Foller Projekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/03.0005 Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR PRIMA 2014

REPRODUCTION sex cells = gametes they differ from other cells they content only the half number of cell parts by the fusion of two „ half“ gametes > a new full-fledged cell arises = zygote a new individual grows from the zygote

REPRODUCTION if gametes contained the same number of organelles as other cells > a double zygote would be formed > an organism with double cells therefore gametes are created by a special division, called reduction division

REPRODUCTION important for sexual reproduction: in the nucleus of the zygote there occurs a new combination the result is a unicellular base of an organism similar to parents but also with new qualities

REPRODUCTION heredity = genetics the science dealing with heredity and variability of living systems the founder of genetics - J.G. Mendel carriers of genetic information are nucleic acids

REPRODUCTION nucleic acids: DNA it has an important quality: it can copy itself = replicate it is located in the chromosome chromosome is in eukaryotic cell in the nucleus

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REPRODUCTION karyotype is a set of all chromosomes in the nucleus

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