Aim: How do entropy and enthalpy affect reactions?

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Presentation transcript:

Aim: How do entropy and enthalpy affect reactions? Do Now: Take out a calculator and reference tables. Consider the following reaction: 2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g) + heat Describe what can be done to shift the equilibrium to the right. What could be done to shift the equilibrium to the left?

2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g) + heat Answers to the do now:

What causes chemical and physical changes to occur in nature? Enthalpy – The tendency in nature to change into a state of lower energy. Any reaction that occurs will occur spontaneously if it leads to increased enthalpy. Example: Exothermic reactions move to a state with lower energy. Why? Exothermic reactions release some of the energy of the reactants.

What causes chemical and physical changes to occur in nature? Entropy – The tendency in nature to change into a state of greater randomness or disorder. The greater the disorder, the higher the entropy. Why is higher entropy favored over less? It is necessary for particles to collide in a specific way to maintain a specific order. On the other hand, there are many ways particles can collide to produce disorder. Therefore, entropy is easier.

Examples of entropy Physical changes – solid to liquid to gas. Chemical changes – compounds have a greater amount of order than the free elements of which they are composed. How can we identify whether the reactants or products have more entropy? Consider the following: What kind of phase changes are occurring. Generally the side of the equation with the greater number of molecules has the greater entropy.

Activity/Homework Activity (IN CLASS) – Answer the questions on the worksheet you were given. HW Review Book Pages 149-150 Copy and answer #36-44