The role of the state in women’s empowerment Deepta Chopra, IDS 23rd November 2018

Significance of UCW in women’s lives Source: GrOW project

Multitasking Source: POWER project Rwanda 12-1am 11-12 pm 1-2 am 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 10-11 pm 3-4 am 9-10 pm 4-5 am 8-9 pm 5-6 am 7-8 pm 6-7 am 6-7 pm 7-8 am 5-6 pm 8-9 am Bangladesh 4-5 pm 9-10 am Pakistan 3-4 pm 10-11 am Rwanda 2-3 pm 12-1 pm 11-12 am 1-2 pm Ghana Source: POWER project

Key findings UCW takes large amounts of time from women and girls Drudgery – from both UCW and paid work Double burden Physical Emotional/ mental Unpaid care work affects quantity, type and quality of paid work Paid work affects quantity, type and quality of Unpaid care work Depletion not empowerment

Key policy findings regarding policy messages Provision of public services are key to reducing drudgery of UCW and paid work Decent work opportunities will reduce drudgery of paid work Redistribution to (poor) men works only to a limited extent (absentee men; paid work with equally arduous conditions) Getting women into the labour market is not enough, and can be detrimental.

Role of the State Provision of public services and infrastructure Accessible, affordable and good quality services Water, Sanitation, Gas, Electricity Childcare services, health and education facilities Decent work for all: Paid work opportunities Working conditions and wages Social protection Bargaining and collectivization

Strategies for Advocacy Naming: Make care visible in policy discussions - Care is important to sustaining any society, recognition, saturation strategy ; building an evidence base (Case studies) Framing: Promote care as integral to human wellbeing - Women’s rights, well-being, inequality and poverty, national development, economic development, achievement of goals, burden? Claiming: Demand government action – Changing policies to recognise, reduce and redistribute unpaid care work through public service delivery, improved regulations on labour conditions etc. Programming: Support more equitable distribution of care responsibilities – Designing programmes that address unpaid care work Eyben, Rosalind. 2013. Getting unpaid care onto the development agendas. IDS In Focus Policy Briefing, Issue 31, January 2013

Academic and popular communications (Global level and national level) Animations: -Time to care: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RX4xfKB9Ba8 -’Who cares’: http://interactions.eldis.org/unpaid-care-work Video stories: -India: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6LznG2DLmhk -Nepal: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fx8JdofMz6E&t=1s - Rwanda: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aYGaXC7e-j4 -Tanzania: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eYLhQU98i_0&t=3s Case studies -Rich, empirical information -Some quantitative data, but women’s experiences and voices equally critical: http://interactions.eldis.org/economic-