Chapter 20, Lesson 2 Inventions Change Society Learning Objectives: Identify and evaluate new inventions of the era. Define mass production. Evaluate the impact of mass production on the U.S. economy.

Inventions that improved communication: New inventions improved transportation & communication networks--essential for growth of industry! Inventions that improved communication: Telegraph invented by Samuel Morse; almost instant messages in Morse Code. Transatlantic telegraph invented by Cyrus Field linked the US and Europe via telegraphs

Telegraph is improved upon with telephone; transmits speech not just code. Invented by Alexander Graham Bell; “Mr. Watson, come here! I want you!”It was an accident! But WOW! Bell Telephone Company formed in 1877.

Other inventions that improve businesses Typewriter- Christopher Sholes Adding Machine- William Burroughs The Kodak Small box camera- George Eastman Vacuum cleaner- John Thurman

Thomas Edison Edison’s workshop was in Menlo Park, New Jersey. “Wizard of Menlo Park” Inventions: Phonograph (music) Motion picture projector (video) Telephone transmitter Storage battery Electric light bulb Power plants

Other Inventors George Westinghouse- improved on Edison’s work and developed transformers to send electricity over distances. Leads to powered factories, trolleys, streetlights, lights in homes African American Inventors: Lewis Howard Latimer- lightbulb filament. Granville Woods- electromagnetic brake, circuit breaker. Elijah McCoy- oiling mechanism. Jan Matzeliger- shoe-making machine.

Improvements to transportation: Henry Ford- wanted to make an affordable car, Model T- was described as “a car that anyone could afford to buy, which anyone could drive anywhere, and which almost anyone could keep in repair.” Assembly line- pioneered by Ford; less expensive and more productive way to manufacture goods. In his case, automobile assembly line. Mass production – result of assembly line; changed industry forever! People could produce more quantities of goods faster. Decreased cost and prices!

The First Airplane Samuel Langley- American astronomer that built model airplane that was powered by a steam engine. Wright Brothers’: Wilbur & Orville Wright- designed a plane powered by a gasoline engine.