Intraoperative Angiography in Minimally Invasive Direct Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting R.Marius Barstad, Erik Fosse, Karleif Vatne, Kai Andersen, Tor-Inge Tønnessen, Jan L Svennevig, Odd R Geiran The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Volume 64, Issue 6, Pages 1835-1839 (December 1997) DOI: 10.1016/S0003-4975(97)01072-2
Fig. 1 Schematic drawing of the surgical-radiologic suite. Equipment: AR = anesthesia rack, AT = assistance table, EM = endoscopic slave monitor, FM = flow meter, HDM = hemodynamic monitor, HLM = heart-lung machine, OPT = operating table, TEM = transesophageal echocardiography machine, VR = videoscopic rack, XR = integrated x-ray equipment, XRM = x-ray monitor. Personnel: 1 = surgeon, 2 = assistant surgeon(s), 3 = operating nurse, 4 = anesthesiologist, 5 = anesthesiology nurse, 6 = cardiologist, 7 = perfusionist. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1997 64, 1835-1839DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(97)01072-2)
Fig. 2 Intraoperative selective angiogram of the left internal mammary artery in patient 1, showing no passage of contrast medium to the left internal mammary artery-to-left anterior descending artery anastomosis (arrow). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1997 64, 1835-1839DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(97)01072-2)
Fig. 3 Intraoperative angiogram after revision of the left internal mammary artery (LIMA)-to-left anterior descending artery (LAD) anastomosis (ANA), showing passage of the contrast medium to the grafted LAD. The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1997 64, 1835-1839DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(97)01072-2)
Fig. 4 Representative selective angiogram of the left internal mammary artery in patient 2, showing occlusion of the left internal mammary artery graft (arrow). The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 1997 64, 1835-1839DOI: (10.1016/S0003-4975(97)01072-2)