Oxidative stress is associated with increased apoptosis leading to spermatozoa DNA damage in patients with male factor infertility  Xia Wang, M.D., Ph.D.,

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Oxidative stress is associated with increased apoptosis leading to spermatozoa DNA damage in patients with male factor infertility  Xia Wang, M.D., Ph.D., Rakesh K Sharma, Ph.D., Suresh C Sikka, Ph.D., HCLD, Anthony J Thomas, M.D., Tommaso Falcone, M.D., Ashok Agarwal, Ph.D., HCLD,  Fertility and Sterility  Volume 80, Issue 3, Pages 531-535 (September 2003) DOI: 10.1016/S0015-0282(03)00756-8

Figure 1 Relative amounts of (A) cytochrome c, (B) caspase 9, and (C) caspase 3 in semen samples from infertile men and healthy donors, based on densitometry. Bars represent means (±SD). Below each histogram is a representative blot showing patients, donors, and assay controls. Assay controls represent Jurkat whole-cell lysate for cytochrome c and caspase 3 and untreated Hela cells for caspase 9. Wang. Reactive oxygen species and apoptosis.Fertil Steril 2003. Fertility and Sterility 2003 80, 531-535DOI: (10.1016/S0015-0282(03)00756-8)