Chapter 2 Historical Development of Engineering Management

Chapter Outline Origins of Engineering Management Impact of Industrial Revolution Development of Scientific Management Development of Administrative Management Development of Behavioral Management Current Contributions

Learning Objectives Describe the origins of engineering management Identify the different basic management philosophies Discuss the future issues that will affect the continued development of engineering management

Origins of Engineering Mgmt – Ancient Civilizations Mesopotamians ~4500 - 2000 B.C. Used canals for irrigation Had management system and job descriptions Hammurabi Law (2023-2081 B.C.) Egyptians 4000 – 1600 B.C. Built pyramids (2.3M stone blocks, @5000 lbs) 100,000 men x 20~30 years Used managerial principles

Origins of Engineering Mgmt – Ancient Civilizations Chinese Principles of organizing, planning, directing, controlling (~1100 B.C.) Built Great Wall: ~4000 miles (~500 B.C.) Romans 284 B.C. Estate and farm management Emphasis on personnel selection and placement Known for building roads, bridges, and water management

Origins of Engineering Mgmt – Ancient Military Cyrus the Great (Persia) 576-530 B.C. Use of staff Recognized use of order and division of work Alexander the Great (Greek) 336-323 B.C. Distinction between line and staff Used discipline and delegation

Origins of Engineering Mgmt – Ancient Mass Production Arsenal of Venice (Early 1400s) Manufacturing Numbering of inventory parts Personnel policies Standardization of parts Assembly line Accounting in two journals and one ledger, with annual auditing