Brexit, Exploitation and Modern Slavery

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Presentation transcript:

Brexit, Exploitation and Modern Slavery March 15, 2017 Dr Alex Balch

Forced Labour in the UK: the Evidence Research: NGO/academic, e.g. TUC, JRF Government estimates on ‘modern slavery’ Police operations – national/force-level GLA records/prosecutions MAC report (2014) on migrants in low-skilled work Episodic, anecdotal but persuasive Seek and you will find…

Policy Linkage UK labour market characteristics and govt policy Macro-economics and sovereignty Britain and human rights, human wrongs Explaining forced labour and efforts to tackle it Normal pathology, or pathological normalcy? Neoliberalism, globalisation, organised criminality? State identity – anti-slavery, immigration and red tape Bringing back control?

Political Strategy, Coherence Modern Slavery Act 2015 Immigration Act 2016 (Part One) New offences, new powers Competing/conflicting/combining? Illegal working, non-prosecution of victims The rise of the rapporteur Entrepreneurialism and independence A more, or less, ‘European’ approach?

Constructing the ‘unfree’ Carter (2000) - racist immigration legislation of the 1960s created vulnerability, combining with market forces and: “Effectively constituting black workers as a form of unfree wage labour” (Carter 2000: 133) Conflict and compromise over intra-EU mobility creating socio-economic denizenship for mobile European citizens Grand narratives - solidarity vs hospitality Difficulties of re-regulation Assessing the risk of ‘no deal’ – really a cliff-edge?

Opportunities, Risks Windows and policy change Populist politics and the illusion of moral certainty Exploitation creep (Chuang 2014) The chill factor (US evidence, Byron Burgers) The big ‘EASI’ – institutional dynamics and LM enforcement Conclusion - forced labour as an inevitable consequence of the fusion of immigration and labour market enforcement?