Muhammad Proclaims a New Faith A brilliant and militant new civilization rises out of the Arabian desert key words
Holy City Right: Mecca as it would have appeared around the time of Muhhamad’s birth
Mecca (cont.) Note the ka’aba in the background Mecca is in current day Saudi Arabia (Middle East)
Muhammad Muhammad and the angel Gabriel God spoke to Muhammad and Muhammad recorded his teachings in the Qur’an
The Book of Books The Qur’an (Koran) 114 chapters (suras)
An Intense Monotheism Right: the Koranic script representing the one God “There is one God, and Muhammad is his prophet.”
5 Pillars of Islam 1. Testimony of Faith 2. Daily Prayer 3. Charity -”There is no true god (deity) but God (Allah),1 and Muhammad is the Messenger (Prophet) of God.” 2. Daily Prayer - Muslims pray 5 times a day 3. Charity - Must give a certain amount of income to the needy 4. Fasting - During certain holidays/times, Muslims do not eat any food 5. Hajj - Pilgrimage to Mecca
Dome of the Rock Muhammad is believed to have risen to heaven from this spot Holy building for Muslims
Controversy over Successors Muhammad and the “rightly guided caliphs” Abu Bakr (first caliph) Umar (Omar) Uthman Ali Sunni and Shi’ite Sunni caliph should be chosen my Muslim leaders (88%) Shi’ite caliph should be descendent of Muhammad (12%)
The Islamic Empire