Title: Biology 2/2/07 Objectives: Class Topics 7/27/2019 Title: Biology 2/2/07 Objectives: To continue learning about Mendelian genetics and learn about some of the aberrations to Mendelian genetics Class Topics Hand in Genetics Problems Worksheet before the bell rings please Review Chapter 8 Quiz 1 Chapter 8 – Beyond Mendel Review Dihybrid crosses Chapter 8 Quiz 2 Preview Probability Test Crosses Pedigree “The man who does not read good books has no advantage over the man who cannot read them.” Mark Twain Saturday, July 27, 2019 8:41 PM

Class Assignments Genetics Problems 2/2/07 Read 170-178 2/2/07 7/27/2019 Class Assignments What By When Genetics Problems 2/2/07 Read 170-178 2/2/07 Chapter 8 Quiz 2 2/6/07 W.S. Probability and dihybrid crosses 2/6/07 Due this class period Due next class period Due in the future

7/27/2019 Grade Sheet 2A – p. 157 (5 pts.)

7/27/2019 Dihybrid Cross GgTt x GgTt

7/27/2019 Results F1 - Pheno Green/Tall Green/short yellow/Tall yellow/short What if there were 961 of these seeds planted? Approximately, how many of each type would there be?

Probability Likelihood that an event will occur 7/27/2019 Probability Likelihood that an event will occur Expressed as a fraction, ratio, decimal, or percentage (we’ll use fractions) Probability of a coin landing as “heads”? 1:1, ½, 0.50, 50% Probability a heterozygote will produce a dominant allele in its gamete?

Probability Product rule Toss a coin – probability of “tails”? 7/27/2019 Probability Product rule Toss a coin – probability of “tails”? ½ Toss the same coin again – probability of “tails”? Probability of 2 “tails” ½ x ½ = ¼

Probability Male Female 7/27/2019 Probability Male 1/2 Female Family with having a boy, a girl, a boy, and a girl in that order.

Test Cross Used when there’s an unknown genotype of dominant phenotype 7/27/2019 Test Cross Used when there’s an unknown genotype of dominant phenotype Crossed with a homozygous recessive Recessive phenotype If offspring are all dominant? If offspring are ½ dominant and ½ recessive

7/27/2019 Test Cross problem Determine the genotype of a pea plant with yellow seeds if the test cross offspring all have yellow seeds P ___ x ___ F1 Pheno Geno What if the F1 had ½ yellow and ½ green seeds?

Chapter 8 Quiz 2 Review Codominance cross Incomplete dominance cross 7/27/2019 Chapter 8 Quiz 2 Review Codominance cross F1 and F2 generations Incomplete dominance cross F1 only Mendel’s numbers – ratios – pod color Dihybrid cross 1 F1 and extrapolate data for more seeds Dihybrid cross 2 F1 and F2 generations and extrapolate data for more seeds

Pedigree Analysis Hemophilia 7/27/2019 Males = Square Females = Circles Each generation is a line Vertical lines connect parents and children Horizontal lines connect siblings Left to right in order with age. Pedigree Analysis Hemophilia

Pedigree Analysis Seen in every generation Skips generations 7/27/2019 From: http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/instruct/mcclean/plsc431/mendel/mendel9.htm

7/27/2019 http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/Michael.Gregory/files/Bio%20101/Bio%20101%20Laboratory/Pedigree%20Analysis/PEDIGREE.HTM

From: http://www.people.virginia.edu/~rjh9u/brachyped.html 7/27/2019 From: http://www.people.virginia.edu/~rjh9u/brachyped.html

7/27/2019 Hapsburg Lip and Jaw