Discussion Was it genocide?

Columbian Exchange: People

Early Exchange, Pre 1580 Of Europeans, only Spanish (139,000) and Portuguese (58,000) Portuguese made the crossing Reasoning: God Glory Gold

Europeans Needed Constant Immigration 12% Indentured Servants High Death Rates Unreliable Food Hard Work Sickness Women did not immigrate Some points only 5% Started sending orphans and when of “ill refute” 12% Indentured Servants

Africans Vast majority were slaves Enslaved the following ways POWs Raids for slaves For debt Criminals Sold by Parents Sold themselves Made up 60% population before 1640

Africans Lives of slaves short Infant mortality low This meant continuous importation needed This movement of people called the triangle trade

Triangle Trade To Africa: Manufactured goods To the Americas: Enslaved Africans To Europe: Raw Materials (Sugar, Cotton, Tobacco)

Middle Passage Middle Passage The section of moving slaves called the Middle Passage Middle Passage