Effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, the primary psychoactive cannabinoid in marijuana, on human sperm function in vitro Lynne B. Whan, Ph.D., Mhairi C.L. West, Ph.D., Neil McClure, M.R.C.O.G., Sheena E.M. Lewis, Ph.D. Fertility and Sterility Volume 85, Issue 3, Pages 653-660 (March 2006) DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.08.027 Copyright © 2006 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions
FIGURE 1 (A) Effect of THC, at recreational and therapeutic concentrations, on the numbers of progressively motile sperm in the 90% fraction. (B) Effect of THC, at recreational and therapeutic concentrations, on the numbers of progressively motile sperm in the 45% fraction. Black bar = control; yellow bar = 0.032 μM; red bar = 0.32 μM; blue bar = 4.8 μM THC. Whan. Cannabis and sperm function. Fertil Steril 2006. Fertility and Sterility 2006 85, 653-660DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.08.027) Copyright © 2006 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions
FIGURE 2 Effect of THC, at the higher therapeutic concentration, on the quality of sperm motility (VAP and VSL) in the 90% fraction. Black bar = control; blue bar = 4.8 μM THC. Whan. Cannabis and sperm function. Fertil Steril 2006. Fertility and Sterility 2006 85, 653-660DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.08.027) Copyright © 2006 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions
FIGURE 3 (A) Effect of THC, at recreational and therapeutic concentrations, on the acrosome reaction of sperm in the 90% fraction. (B) Effect of THC, at recreational and therapeutic concentrations, on the acrosome reaction of sperm in the 45% fraction. Black bar = control; yellow bar = 0.032 μM; red bar = 0.32 μM; blue bar = 4.8 μM THC. Whan. Cannabis and sperm function. Fertil Steril 2006. Fertility and Sterility 2006 85, 653-660DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.08.027) Copyright © 2006 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions
FIGURE 4 Effect of THC, at the higher recreational concentration, on the artificially induced acrosome reaction of sperm in the 90% fraction. Whan. Cannabis and sperm function. Fertil Steril 2006. Fertility and Sterility 2006 85, 653-660DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.08.027) Copyright © 2006 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions