Outline of the distal lung regions in haematoxylin and eosin-stained lung tissue [115, 116] showing the inner airway wall (green arrowheads), smooth muscle.

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Outline of the distal lung regions in haematoxylin and eosin-stained lung tissue [115, 116] showing the inner airway wall (green arrowheads), smooth muscle (SM), outer airway wall (blue arrows) and alveolar attachment (black arrows). Outline of the distal lung regions in haematoxylin and eosin-stained lung tissue [115, 116] showing the inner airway wall (green arrowheads), smooth muscle (SM), outer airway wall (blue arrows) and alveolar attachment (black arrows). Daniel Doberer et al. Eur Respir Rev 2015;24:525-539 ©2015 by European Respiratory Society