Creating a “New” Europe

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Creating a “New” Europe

Treaty of Versailles Six months of negotiations Establish the League of Nations Separate treaties w/ the 5 CP nations Germany-most damaging OE-lost land, colonies under League of Nations, becomes Turkey Bulgaria-lost land, restrictions on size of army, pay reparations Danzig (Poland) is a “Free City”

Treaty of Versailles Austria-Hungary – country had broken up prior to Armistice Austria-lost land, army no larger than 30,000, pay reparations (went bankrupt, could not pay), forbidden to have any union or treaty with Germany Hungary-lost about half of all land, army reduced to 35, 000, pay reparations (amount never set so did not ever pay anything)

Treaty of Versailles Terms of German treaty very harsh 440 clauses in the treaty Germany alone responsible for war “Guilt Clause” Germany gives up much territory Alsace-Lorraine to France Colonies to League of Nations Belgium, Denmark, Poland, and Czechoslovakia receive land

Treaty of Versailles Many restrictions on German gov’t/mil Army reduce to 100K, no tanks allowed Navy allowed only 6 ships, no U-boats NO Airforce Rhineland not allowed to have any military personnel or weapons NO draft

$3.128 TRILLION (in today’s dollars) Treaty of Versailles Germany must pay reparations $3.128 TRILLION (in today’s dollars)

New Countries Austria Hungary Czechoslovakia Yugoslavia Palestine Lithuania Transjordan Syria Iraq Finland Estonia Latvia

League of Nations Covenant Promote international cooperation Keep peace among nations Settle disputes Reduce armaments

League of Nations Three main agencies: assembly, council, secretariat World Court affiliated-still in existence (The Hague) 59 countries eventually join US never joins

Vocabulary Treaty of Versailles Reparations Mandate League of Nations