Primary outcomes for standardised patient cases by setting. Primary outcomes for standardised patient cases by setting. Overall proportions of preferred management (defined in table 1), referral to another location and use of unnecessary antibiotics are presented here from the four studies included in the cross-country analysis, with 95% CIs. The proportion of referrals for asthma in Kenya was zero and the proportion of correct oral rehydration salts use for the diarrhoea case in China was zero; all other missing bars indicate the condition was not studied in that context. The numbers of observations are as follows: asthma (rural India): 397; asthma (Kenya): 42; chest pain (China): 40; chest pain (rural India): 323; chest pain (Kenya): 42; child diarrhoea (China): 42; child diarrhoea (rural India): 389; child diarrhoea (Kenya): 40; tuberculosis (TB) (urban India): 75; tuberculosis (Kenya): 42. Benjamin Daniels et al. BMJ Glob Health 2017;2:e000333 © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.