Brownian motion Diffusion Osmosis A & P 231 Brownian motion Diffusion Osmosis

Selectively Permeable Membranes Movement of particles through membranes Not all molecules pass through (selectively!) Dependent on size of molecules Dependent on charge of molecules

Two ways to pass through a membrane Passive Processes 1) Diffusion- movement of molecules from high to low concentration driven by kinetic energy (constant movement of Molecules Kickball ex.) 2)Osmosis-diffusion of water only 3) Facilitated diffusion-uses protein gates Active Processes 1) Active Transport- movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to high concentration *uses Energy in the form of ATP

Diffusion

Two ways to pass through a membrane Passive Processes 1) Diffusion- movement of molecules from high to low concentration 2)Osmosis-diffusion of water only 3) Facilitated diffusion-uses protein gates Active Processes 1) Active Transport- movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to high concentration *uses Energy in the form of ATP

Osmosis 90% water 10% water

Two ways to pass through a membrane Passive Processes 1) Diffusion- movement of molecules from high to low concentration 2)Osmosis-diffusion of water only 3) Facilitated diffusion-uses protein gates Active Processes 1) Active Transport- movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to high concentration *uses Energy in the form of ATP

Facilitated Diffusion

Two ways to pass through a membrane Passive Processes 1) Diffusion- movement of molecules from high to low concentration 2)Osmosis-diffusion of water only 3) Facilitated diffusion-uses protein gates Active Processes 1) Active Transport- movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to high concentration *uses Energy in the form of ATP

Active Transport Uses Energy (ATP)!

Brownian Motion

Dialysis tubing (Handout) A semi-permeable membrane Artificial way of cleaning the blood

Sheep Cells (pg 45) Place one drop of 0.9% saline solution and one drop of sheep’s blood Repeat with 1.5% Repeat with 0%

0.9% (physiological saline solution) Isotonic-no movement No Net Movement .9 salt 99.1 water .9 salt 99.1 water

1.5% saline solution Hypertonic-a lot in solution Wrinkling of cell because water moves out called crenation Diffusion 1.5 salt 98.5 water .9 salt 99.1 water Osmosis

0% (saline solution) Hypotonic-a little in solution Cell lysis occurs or swelling of cells at least 0 salt 100 water .9 salt 99.1 water Osmosis