Cell Membrane Pumps and Vesicle Transport

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Presentation transcript:

Cell Membrane Pumps and Vesicle Transport Active Transport Cell Membrane Pumps and Vesicle Transport

Active Transport Active transport - movement of materials AGAINST the concentration gradient from low concentration to high concentration Requires the cell to use energy (ATP) 2 kinds: 1. membrane pumps 2. vesicle transports

1. Cell Membrane Pumps Involve carrier proteins called cell membrane pumps to move materials against the concentration (UP concentration gradient) Similar to the steps of facilitated transport. Results in electrical impulses across nerve cells Ex. Sodium-Potassium Pump

large quantities need to pass through the cell 2. Vesicle Transport Some substances (ex. Food) are too BIG to pass through membrane OR large quantities need to pass through the cell These situations use vesicle transport Two kinds Endocytosis Exocytosis

Endocytosis Cells ingest external fluid, macromolecules & large particles (including other cells) External materials are enclosed by part of the cell, forming a pouch The pouch pinches off cell membrane & becomes a membrane bound organelle called  a vesicle Vesicles can fuse with lysosomes to digests contents. Two kinds of Endocytosis: Phagocytosis – movement of large particles or whole cells. *Possible feeding method, or a method of defense to destroy bacteria/viruses Pinocytosis – transport of solutes or liquids

Phagocytosis (cartoon animation) Pinocytosis (cartoon animation) Phagocytosis (cartoon animation)

Phagocytosis (taking place in cells under a microscope)

Endocytosis

Exocytosis (Reverse of endocytosis) Vesicles in cytoplasm fuse with cell membrane and RELEASE their contents into the external environment OUTSIDE the cell Used to release large molecules such as proteins packaged by the golgi apparatus Used in nervous & endocrine system to control activities in other cells.

Exocytosis

Endocytosis & Exocytosis

Endocytosis http://www.maxanim.com/physiology/Endocytosis%20and%20Exocytosis/Endocytosis%20and%20Exocytosis.htm

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