SATISH PRADHAN DNYANASADHANA COLLEGE,THANE Class- S.Y.Bsc Semister-III Sub: Physics Paper-III Unit-II Topic- Biophysics Prof. Ms. Ankita P. Angre. Email: ankitaangre19@gmail.com

Biophysics… Biology Biochemistry Biophysics Chemistry Physics

Introduction Biophysics is an interdisciplinary science that applies the theories and methods of physics, to question of biology. Biophysics is the study of physical phenomenon & physical process in living things , from the level of molecules and cell to the biosphere as whole. Biophysics is that branch of knowledge that applies the principles of physics and chemistry and the methods of mathematical analysis and computer modeling to understand how biological systems work. It is a modern, interdisciplinary field of science leading to new approaches for our understanding of biological functions

In biophysics the main emphasis is on the quantitative analysis of the physical and chemical aspects of the functions of biological molecules, organisms and entities. The techniques and methodologies that biophysics relies on are closer to Physics and Chemistry, but areas of application are in the biological , medical, drug design & development and related sciences.

Study levels of Biophysics Biophysics at the Cellular level Biophysics at the Molecular level Biophysics at the multicellular level

Study level of biophysics 1) Biophysics at the cellular level: Transport within and across cell membranes Structure and properties of cell membranes Propagation of neural signals Cytoskeleton and cell movements Cytokinesis

Study level of biophysics….. 2) Biophysics at the molecular level: Determination and prediction of protein structures Single-molecule spectroscopy Molecular motors The protein folding problem DNA-protein interactions

Study level of biophysics 3) Biophysics at multicellular and higher levels: Tissue and biomedical engineering Physical and mathematical physiology Biomechanics and biorheology

Structure of cell: -

Cell structure:

FUNCTIONS OF THE CELL Basic Unit of Life Protection And Support Movement Communication Cell metabolism and energy release Inheritance

TYPES OF CELLS Eukaryotic cell Prokaryotic cell

A PROKARYOTIC CELL: Is a single celled organism that does not have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles. Its Nucleic acid/DNA is locked in the cytoplasm.

Cell organism: 1)Mitochondria

2) Nucleus: The nucleus controls the cell. It is the largest organelle in the cell and contains the cell’s Nucleic Acid/DNA. The nucleus is like the turtle’s brain.

3) CHROMOSOMES: Chromosomes are inside the nucleus and are made of genes (DNA/RNA). Genes decide the cells traits and activities (heart cell, eye cell - such as color).

NUCLEOLUS Inside the nucleus is another organelle called the nucleolus. It is responsible for making ribosomes.

VESICLES It is a small sac that surrounds material to be moved into or out of a cell

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