Firing rate following isolated, unreinforced lever presses.

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Firing rate following isolated, unreinforced lever presses. Firing rate following isolated, unreinforced lever presses. A, Firing rate was differentially modulated based on reinforcement schedule following an isolated, unreinforced press at the extended training time point. Data represent mean ± SEM (indicated by shaded area for each line). Time 0 represents lever press. B, After extended training, firing rate in the IfL-C during the post-press interval was significantly lower following unreinforced presses during the RR schedule than during the RI schedule. Firing post-press on the RR schedule was also significantly lower than firing during the epoch where reinforcer would be delivered during a reinforced press. C, When mice are responding on an action-promoting (RR) schedule, unreinforced lever presses are followed by a reduction in IfL-C firing rate. In contrast, this modulation is attenuated when mice are responding on the habit-promoting RI schedule. D, At the extended training time point, the distribution of significantly modulated cells was distinct between the RI and RR schedule during the post-press interval; *p < 0.05; Dec, decreased firing rate; Inc, increased firing rate; NC, no change in firing rate; ★ indicates significant differences in z score comparison of population proportions. Jacqueline M. Barker et al. eNeuro 2017;4:ENEURO.0337-17.2017 ©2017 by Society for Neuroscience