Environmental risk factors and exposure to the zoonotic malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi across northern Sabah, Malaysia: a population-based cross-sectional.

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Environmental risk factors and exposure to the zoonotic malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi across northern Sabah, Malaysia: a population-based cross-sectional survey Kimberly M Fornace, PhD, Paddy M Brock, PhD, Tommy R Abidin, MSc, Lynn Grignard, PhD, Lou S Herman, MSc, Prof Tock H Chua, PhD, Sylvia Daim, PhD, Timothy William, FRCP, Catriona L E B Patterson, MSc, Tom Hall, BSc, Matthew J Grigg, PhD, Prof Nicholas M Anstey, PhD, Kevin K A Tetteh, PhD, Jonathan Cox, PhD, Chris J Drakeley, PhD The Lancet Planetary Health Volume 3, Issue 4, Pages e179-e186 (April 2019) DOI: 10.1016/S2542-5196(19)30045-2 Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Study site and land cover classification The Lancet Planetary Health 2019 3, e179-e186DOI: (10.1016/S2542-5196(19)30045-2) Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Study enrolment diagram The Lancet Planetary Health 2019 3, e179-e186DOI: (10.1016/S2542-5196(19)30045-2) Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Age-stratified seroprevalence curves for Plasmodium falciparum (A) and Plasmodium vivax (B) and estimated seroprevalence by age category for Plasmodium knowlesi (C) Dots represent observed seroprevalence and the lines (including 95% CIs) are modelled seroconversion rates. The Lancet Planetary Health 2019 3, e179-e186DOI: (10.1016/S2542-5196(19)30045-2) Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Seroprevalence of Plasmodium knowlesi in sampled clusters The Lancet Planetary Health 2019 3, e179-e186DOI: (10.1016/S2542-5196(19)30045-2) Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license Terms and Conditions