Fig. 1 Microbial diversity, abundance, and nitrification in the North Atlantic abyssal subseafloor. Microbial diversity, abundance, and nitrification in.

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Fig. 1 Microbial diversity, abundance, and nitrification in the North Atlantic abyssal subseafloor. Microbial diversity, abundance, and nitrification in the North Atlantic abyssal subseafloor. (A) Left: Dissolved nitrate, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) of 16S rRNA and AOA amoA genes, and qPCR-normalized abundance of bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA genes. Right: Diversity of 16S rRNA genes. Note that two biological replicates were sequenced at site 11, depth 2.8 mbsf. Arrows show the depths for 18O-labeling incubations. (B) Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis of 16S rRNA genes, the size of the points (samples) are normalized by the number of 16S rRNA gene copies per sample (qPCR), the numbers above each point indicate the depth in meters below the seafloor, and the shading indicates the ratio of archaeal to bacterial sequences. The ANOSIM analyses were performed on sample groupings as displayed by the dashed lines. Note that each meter in (A) represents ca. 1 million years of sediment deposition, and the communities in the deepest sample at site 11 have been subsisting for ca. 15 million years. Aurèle Vuillemin et al. Sci Adv 2019;5:eaaw4108 Copyright © 2019 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).