TSG-6 suppressed APC activation in vitro and in vivo.

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TSG-6 suppressed APC activation in vitro and in vivo. TSG-6 suppressed APC activation in vitro and in vivo. Splenocytes were activated with LPS (100 ng/mL) in vitro in the presence of TSG-6. A: il-12b expression 4 and 6 h after activation. Values are means ± SD (n = 3; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.005 by two-tailed Student t test). B: CD40 expression 18 h after LPS (100 ng/mL) activation of APC (5 × 105 cells/mL) in the presence of TSG-6. C: Splenic il-12b, tnf-α, and ifn-γ expression 6 h in 4-week-old female NOD mice that were intravenously injected with LPS (30 µg/mouse) immediately followed by vehicle control PBS (n = 4) or TSG-6 (50 µg/mouse, n = 3). D: il-12b and tnf-α expression of magnetically sorted CD11b+ and CD11c+ cells from C. E: Splenic il-12b, tnf-α, and ifn-γ expression 6 h after 8-week-old male WT and CD44 KO mice were intravenously injected with LPS (30 µg/mouse) immediately followed by vehicle control HBSS (n = 4) or TSG-6 (50 µg/mouse, n = 3). Values are means ± SD (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.005 by two-tailed Student t test). RQ, relative quantification. Daniel J. Kota et al. Diabetes 2013;62:2048-2058 ©2013 by American Diabetes Association