Causes of Ethnic Violence Ethnic Conflict Causes of Ethnic Violence

Monday In our last class, we discussed the theories surrounding the origin of ethnic identities: Primordialist Instrumentalist Constructivist Today, we will be looking at theoretical causes of ethnic conflict

Rise of Ethnic Violence Mobilization-Assimilation Gap Rising Expectations vs. Rising Frustrations Strain Theory Relative Deprivation Theory Developmental Approach Reactive Ethnicity Approach

Developmental Approach Ethnic identity is an independent variable in predicting ethnic violence Ethnic groups prefer to be governed by their kin than by aliens

Reactive Ethnicity Approach Cultural division of labor Aliens taking (higher-paying) jobs from the ethnic group caused the ethnic group to become more cohesive

Multinational Democracies Plural society model Political stability maintained only through coercion and control Consociational democracy model Political stability maintained through ethnic political involvement in a pluralist democratic political system Hegemonic exchange model Role of state is to facilitate the interactions between different ethnicities in ways that benefit all

Types of Democracies Presidential System Parliamentary System Standard Model Westminster Model Hybrid Systems According to Riggs (2002), what does this have to do with factors affecting prevalence of ethnic conflict?

Post-Cold War Explosion With the fall of the Soviet Union, a large number of new ethnic conflicts began. Chechnya Nagorno-Karabakh Bosnia Croatia Somalia Rwanda Thailand Moldova Congo (DRC) Sierra Leone Indonesia India Afghanistan Iraq Liberia Nigeria

Possible Causes Ancient hatreds Irredentist / Anti-Irredentist Insecurity and Fear A.k.a. Security Dilemma Elite Power Theory Flat World Theory A.k.a. Globalization Economic Differentials

Intractability Ethnic conflicts tend to last longer than other types of conflicts Durable Visible Audible

Assignment Taras and Ganguly: 44-52 Paper Topic due next Monday