CLASSIFICATION methods of grouping things according to similarities or differences. Ex. by size, color, age, etc.

Classifying organisms is called taxonomy. - started by Aristotle in 350 BC. Many disagreements about the groupings: by air? by sea? by land? Where to put frogs? Geese?

Today’s system is called binomial nomenclature (two-name naming) - created by Carolus Linnaeus. Ex. Canis lupus Ex. Canis familiaris

Latin was used by scientists and scholars in the 1700’s. used today to avoid the confusion of using many different languages. Ex. Spanish moss - not Spanish - not moss

The Latin names are an organism’s Genus species. Canis familiaris Genus grouping Species grouping Always lower case. Most precise “smallest” Can produce offspring that can produce offspring Always capitalized Both italicized

Acer rubrum ‘red maple’ Bison bison Other examples: Homo sapiens sapiens Felis domesticus Acer rubrum ‘red maple’ Bison bison

CLASSIFICATION CATEGORIES there are eight different levels of scientific classifications. it becomes more exact/specific as you “move down”. Ex. Bottlenose Dolphin Tursiops truncatus

Domain Eukarya Kingdom Animal Phylum Chordate Class Mammal Order Cetacea Family Delphinadae Genus Tursiops Species truncatus Kings Play Chess On Funny Green Squares.

3 Domains: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya Archaea and Bacteria Prokaryotes: Cells have no nucleus Kingdoms: Archaebacteria Eubacteria Eukarya Eukaryotes: Cells have nucleus Kingdoms Protist Fungi Plant Animal

Six Kingdom Classification Kingdom Animal are multicellular. can move from place to place. Heterotrophs- cannot make their own food.

Autotrophs- make their own food through photosynthesis. Kingdom Plant Autotrophs- make their own food through photosynthesis. Multicellular

- heterotrophs-can not make their own food. Kingdom Fungi -can not move. - heterotrophs-can not make their own food. - decomposers-absorb food from dead material. Ex. mushrooms, mold, yeast.

- have traits of both plants and animals. 4) Kingdom Protist -most are unicellular. - have traits of both plants and animals. Ex. Euglena - can move but it has chloroplasts.

6) Kingdom Archebacteria 5) Kingdom Eubacteria Ex. strep. 6) Kingdom Archebacteria Ex. stromatolites both are prokaryotic. unicellular. Archebacteria are ‘older’ and more primitive and can live in harsh conditions. The difference between them is their chemical make-up.

These kingdoms were formed when Kingdom Monera was split into two.