Brandenburg’s Contribution to the “Energiewende” in Germany Prof.Dr. Klaus-P. Schulze Head of Division Energypolitics Ministry of Economic and European Affairs State of Brandenburg October, 8th, 2013 7/1/2019 6:44 AM MWE, Dept. 23

What is the current energy-situation in the state of Brandenburg? 7/1/2019 MWE, Dept. 23 2

Situation and Strategy 2030 Brandenburg is a pacesetter in the implementation of renewable energies (status 2011: 16 % renewable energies (RE) in primary energy consumption, 51 % RE in gross energy consumption1) Planned development of the share of RE in primary energy consumption: 2020  20 % 2030  32 % Priorities: System integration and storage (electricity, gas, heat) Acceptance and participation as another core target 1 Federal Government target: 50 % RE in gross energy consumption by 2030 7/1/2019 MWE, Dept. 23 3

Brandenburgs Energy Strategy 2030 – Target Structure Targets of the Energy Strategy 2030 resolved in February 2012 7/1/2019 MWE, Dept. 23 4

Winner of Federal Award “Leitstern” in 2008, 2010, 2012 State-by-state comparison for renewable energies 2012 – Overall evaluation Point values 0-1 State-by-state comparison for renewable energies Development from 2008 to 2010 and 2012 Ranking Top group Middle group Bottom group Trend Rising Constant Falling 7/1/2019 MWE, Dept. 23 5

“Leitstern” 2012 in detail (excerpt) Indicators with positive results for Brandenburg (ranking): Clear Energy policy programme (1) Ambitious targets for renewable energies (4) 2020: 100% electricity-demand in Brandenburg from RE (statistically) 2030: 100% electricity-demand in Berlin + Brandenburg from RE (statistically) Programmes for promoting renewable energies (3) Avoidance of bureaucratic hindrances in the expansion of renewable energies (1) Coordination of state- and municipal-level energy-policy (2) Support to social acceptance of renewable energies (4) 7/1/2019 MWE, Dept. 23 6

Main “Energiewende” Challenges and ways of solution 7/1/2019 MWE, Dept. 23/24 7

Overview of the challenges  ways of solution Nuclear power phase-out (- 22 GW by 2022)  replace lost capacity with RE Decentralized nature of renewable energies  grid expansion, grid integration Fluctuating feed-in from renewable energies  Flexibility of power-plants, grid management Grid bottlenecks and lack of storage  grid expansion, demand side management, storage technologies Security of supply at acceptable costs through renewable energies  Renewable Energy Act (EEG) reform, “Smart Grid”, “Smart Tariffs” Acceptance for all RE-technologies and structures  Transparency, participation, political engagement 7/1/2019 MWE, Dept. 23/24 8

The challenge of storage technologies The current main problem is the actual contribution that wind and solar make to secured energy supply: despite installed output in the two-digit GW range, current wind conditions only create about 2 GW, and solar doesn’t make any contribution to secured energy supply in Germany. Installed and actually secured performance from the German power plant network Source: BMWI May 2011, Wirtschaftsrat 2011 7/1/2019 MWE, Dept. 23 9

Addressing storage technologies H2O O2 Convergence is a new priority in the Energy Strategy 2030, along with the systemic integration of renewable energies Design for connecting electricity, gas and heating grids, especially for intermediate storage of excess electricity from renewable energies in hydrogen and methane (according to Sterner 2009 and Fraunhofer IWES 2011,revised, simplified) The mere construction of wind and solar parks alone does not make a decisive contribution to the energy revolution  Solutions that conform to the system are required for the future  Systems manufacturers must renew their efforts to build complete solutions for parks to guarantee load balancing and maximum exploitation of regenerative energy at the site of production itself. Such solutions can also relieve the load during grid expansion and reduce the costs of the energy revolution where appropriate. The entire energy supply system, from production to consumption, must be reconceived  the tasks of the future are systematic connection of all energy sources and intelligent control of the entire system (convergence). 7/1/2019 MWE, Dept. 23 10

Addressing storage technologies Pilot Projects in Brandenburg Electric cars as storage devices (Technical University Brandenburg) Power to Gas (eon, ENERTRAG) Batteries (RRKW Feldheim, beelectric) The “e-SolCar” pilot project provides an example of efforts underway in storage technologies and grid integration in the electromobility sector. The “e-SolCar” project is exploring the use of electric cars in cities and their batteries as electricity storage devices that load up excess energy and can then give it back when there are supply bottlenecks, such as times when the wind is low. This promises solutions for the intermediate storage of renewable energies. The world’s first hydrogen-wind-biogas-hybrid power plant produces electricity from wind power, biomass and hydrogen. This project is meant to prove that renewable energies – especially wind energy – can provide reliable energy supply. Source: Photos © BTU Cottbus Graph © ENERTRAG AG 7/1/2019 MWE, Dept. 23 11

Thank you for your attention! 7/1/2019 MWE, Dept. 23 12